Abstract:
Background:- Neisseria gonorrhoeae infection is the second most common prevalent sexually transmitted bacterial infection. Currently, the increasing prevalence of antimicrobial-resistant N. gonorrhoeae isolates is a concern. Thus, this study was aimed at determining the proportion and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of N.gonorheae isolates among patients attending Gynecology and Sexually transmitted infection clinic in the selected health institution at Bahir Dar Town, Northwest, Ethiopia.
Methods: Institution based cross sectional study was conducted among 169 STI suspected patients visited at the selected health institution in Bahirdar town between February and July-30-2017. Data on socio-demographic characteristics and associated risk factors were collected using face-to face interview predesigned questionnaire. Urethral and endo-cervical swab sample were collected by trained nurses. Then, samples were transported to the laboratory and processed within 15 min following the standard microbiological techniques. The presence of N. gonorrhea was confirmed by culture, gram staining and biochemical tests. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing of the isolates was performed by using Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method. Descriptive statistics were used to describe relevant variables. The data was used logistic regression to determine the effect of various factors on gonorrhea disease. Chi-squre and Fisher’s exact test were used computed to see association between variables. P.value < 0.05 was considered as statistical significant.
Results: Of the total 169 STI symptomatic patients screened, 8 (4.7%) were positive for N. gonorrhoeae infection. The highest proportion of N.gonorheae infection occurred in the age group of 15-29 years at 7 (6.1 %) compared to greater than 30year-old participants. The number of N. gonorrhoeae infection isolate was seven in females and one in males. However, the difference was not statistically significant (P = 0.76). Alcohol intake (p=0.035) and khat chewing (p=0.011) should significantly associated with N. gonorrhoeae infection.
All the eight N. gonorrhoeae isolates were sensitive to Ceftriaxone. Only three isolates showed resistance to Doxyclin, Cefoxitin, Cefixime, Cefpodoxime, Ofloxacin, Spectinomycin but all isolates were resistant to Penicillin and Tetracycline. The 62.5% of N. gonorrhoeae isolates were resistant to ciprofloxacin.
Conclusion and Recommendations
The proportion of N. gonorrhoeae infection was lower compared to previous studies conducted in other parts of Ethiopia. All isolates were resistant to penicillin and tetracycline. On the other hand, all isolates were sensitive to ceftriaxone. Drinking alcohol and chewing chat were the identified associated variables. Thus, large-scale study in gonorrhea symptomatic patients needed to document the drug resistant profile of isolates.
Keyword: N. gonorrhoeae, Drug susceptibility test, Bahirdar