Background. Re-laparotomy refers to operations performed within 60 days of an initial laparotomy, for complications like anastomotic leak and intra-abdominal abscess collection. Incidence is highly variable. Morbidity and mortality following relaparotomy is high. Either globally or nationally the studies conducted about this problem are minimal. In Debre Tabor comprehensive specialized hospital study was not conducted on this problem. On patients who undergone re-laparotomy the risks of morbidity and mortality is high. The costs, length of hospital stay and the psychological impact on patients and their families are high. Additionally, the decisions by the physicians to do or not to do relaparotomy is difficult. Objectives: The aim of the study is to assess the proportion and factors associated with re-laparotomy among laparotomy patients in Debre tabor comprehensive specialized hospital. Methods: Institutional based cross-sectional study has been conducted in Debre Tabor comprehensive specialized hospital from January 1/2019 to January 30/2021 on 617 patients who undergone laparotomy surgery. SPSS version 25 were used for data analysis. The results were described by using descriptive statistics like summary value, tables of frequency, graphs and diagrams. The associated factors for re-laparotomy were identified by using multiple binary logistic regression analysis. P value < 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Result: The proportion of relaparotomy was 9.1 %. The median age was 34 year. Among relaparotomy patients 73.2 % were males and 26.8% were females. In this study age above 60 years (AOR = 11.5, 95% CI = [2.5-52]), duration illness more than 120 hours (AOR = 5.6, 95% CI= [1.6-20]), pre-operative pulse rate more than 120 beats per minute (AOR = 4.7, 95% CI= [1.3-16.7]), Patients having peritonitis (AOR = 14, 95% CI= [5.9-33.2]) and Comorbidity (AOR = 6.1, 95% CI = [1.4-26.2]) were associated with re-laparotomy. Conclusion and recommendation; In DTCSH the proportion of relaparotomy was high. Factors associated with relaparotomy were; age above 60 years, duration of illness more than 72 hours, pre-operative pulse rate greater than 120 beats per minute, comorbidities, presence of peritonitis. Creating awareness on the community about the importance of early visit of health facilities when they feel illness will decrease the risk of relaparotomy. Key words: re-laparotomy, anastomotic leak, peritonitis, wound dehiscence, evisceration