Abstract:
Groundwater is a valuable natural resource in the world and it is the most fundamental asset
for the development of a country. In the Tekeze River basin, particularly in the study area,
groundwater development for various purposes is increasing. Assessment of the groundwater
potential is very crucial for sustainable use of groundwater. Therefore, the objective of this
study was to assess the groundwater potential in Wokin zuriaya area by using GIS-based Multi
Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) based on Saaty’s Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP. The
study was using eight important factors (thematic layers) affecting groundwater distribution
derived from satellite data and observed data. These factors were geology, lineaments, drain-age density, geomorphology/landform, rainfall, slope, land use/ cover and soil properties. The
normalized rates for classes in a layer and weights for thematic layers were computed using
AHP. The groundwater potential was determined by overlay methods based on assign rates
and weight using Arc GIS spatial analysis tool. Finally integrated using Weight Overlay, a
spatial analyst ArcGIS tool to produce a groundwater potential zone map of the study area.
Four different groundwater potential zones were identified; 32.19% very good, 47.23% good,
19.70% poor and 0.88% very poor groundwater potential zones have been identified. The re-sulted groundwater potential map was validated by over laying borehole and springs yield data
classified in to four low (0-3), moderent (3-6) high (6-20) and very high (>20) l/s. These maps
were good agreement (76%) with groundwater potential map. Springs and deep well area were
dominant for successful groundwater potential occurrence in study area. It can be concluded
that the integrated GIS and RS techniques are very efficient and useful for assessing ground-water potential zones in the study area and for areas having similar climatic and physical
characteristics. The study recommended that, generated GWPZM will serve as useful guide-lines for planners, engineers and decision makers providing quick decision- making in the
management of groundwater resources.
Keywords: Groundwater potential, GIS, Remote Sensing, AHP