Abstract:
Solid waste management is one of the most challenging issues faced by developing
countries. Data on solid waste characterization, generation rates, and waste composition
are very important and primary concerns to plan and implementation of effective solid
waste management systems of the cities. Therefore, the study aimed to carry out
household solid waste characterization, quantification and to evaluate the current
household waste management practices in Durbete town. In the study, a stratified random
sampling technique was applied. The waste samples were collected from randomly
selected 133 households based on their social-economic levels in the dry and wet seasons
of a year. The daily waste generated in the study area was collected for seven consecutive
days and the daily collected wastes were then separated into different waste fractions and
weighted. The questionnaires were distributed to the household to evaluate the current
waste management practices in the study area. The result indicated that the average per
capita generation rate in the study area was 0.309kg/cap/d and 0.256kg/cap/d for the wet
and dry seasons respectively. The multiple linear regression analysis results demonstrated
that the quantity of household solid waste generation in the study area was significant ly
affected by monthly income, family size, and education level. Concerning waste
compositions, there are about seven types of waste components that are identified from
household wastes. Ash waste has the largest proportion (29.37%) and food waste
accounts (23.17%) next to ash wastes. The third most represented waste component was a
plastic waste (13.34%). Generally, the waste composition analysis result showed that
about 72.68% of the solid wastes are organic and the remaining 27.32% were recyclable
wastes. The analysis shows calorific values ranging from 16,834.285 KJ/kg to
16,496.913kj/kg. The moisture content was ranged from 31.75±5.59 to 27.70±4.05%.
Generally, from the study results, a large proportion of the generated wastes is either
compostable or recyclable or energy can be reclaimed from it. Therefore, the
municipality has to reduce the waste that goes to the disposal site through composting,
recycling, and energy recovery techniques.