Developing thermoelectric refrigeration have many significant to community and engaging on this type of research now become big issue since world looks forwards to use an alternative method of refrigeration technology beyond that of conventional type. The thermoelectric refrigeration cooling method works by using the Peltier effect when electrical power supplied on it and resulting temperature difference. This paper entitled with an experimental investigation on the performance of box type thermoelectric refrigeration for medical service. The objective of this paper is to investigate the performance of TER. The thermoelectric cooling box with 10.4L capacity was fabricated by using four TEC modules. The four basic components of the TER namely, the Peltier module, cabinet, heat sink and power supply are designed and selected separately. In this study, the thermoelectric module is applied as thermoelectric cooler (TEC) using forced air-cooling heat sinks. This paper experimentally investigates the thermal performance of thermoelectric cooler with a variation of cooling load. The investigation was conducted by input power 185.75W and by two variations of the cooling load using water (1000 mL and no load) condition with the same input power 185.75W after fabrication and experimental setup is done. The box temperature achieved 5.5℃ and for no load condition within 30-minute operations from initial temperature of box 26.6℃. While at the cooling load of 1000 mL, the temperature achieved in the box 5.3℃ form initial temperature of water 24.5℃ within 47-minute operations. After the sample tasted the COP was found to be 0.153 and this performance lies in the range of most thermoelectric refrigerator achieved. In the cooling load variation, the greater the cooling load given in cooling box, then the longer the box temperature stability can be achieved because of more energy needed for decreasing the temperature of cooling box. From the result it has been observed that, the developed thermoelectric refrigerator can store vaccine after the recommended temperature range is achieved by the cooler. Furthermore, the developed thermoelectric refrigeration is compact in size, cost effective, affordable by common person, simple working, easy transportation etc. The cost of the developed refrigerator is 5730 Birr. This cost is affordable by individual and medical sectors in addition to its numerous benefits.