Abstract:
This study aimed to find, build and contribute a sustainable economic battery material. The
researcher investigated the effect of replacing a glass former that is either of the same size or
larger than the main glass former by a smaller modifier ion on thermal, structural, and electrical
properties. The starting materials were mixed proportionally and synthesized using the melt
quenching technique. Basic characterizations (XRD, DSC, and IR) and impedance measurements
were used to analyze different properties. The same properties mentioned above have been
studied taking into account the effect of doping nickel ferrite into the glasses. NF was prepared
in the laboratory using the Sol-Gel combustion method. The results of XRD and DSC of the
glasses confirmed the amorphous (glass) nature of the samples and glass transition temperatures,
respectively. The results of XRD of NF showed sharp peaks that indicate crystalline nature. The
SEM results of NF showed uniform and spherical structural morphology. The results of IR
spectra identified the local structure. Thermal properties (glass transition temperatures, thermal
stabilities), physical/structural properties (density, packing density, the concentration of atoms,
separation between atoms, stretching force constant, and local structure, and electrical properties
(Cole-Cole plots, AC and DC conductivity, and relaxation analysis) were carried out. NF doped
glasses are more packed, have high glass transition temperatures and thermal stability. The
similar size of co-glass former with glass former has more vanadium, less oxygen concentration
than the larger sized of co-glass former. The separation between atoms and the molecular band is
high for a larger-sized glass former. The separation between atoms and molecular bands is high
for large-sized glass former. As a general, 20 mol% Li
2
O of glasses have shown better thermal
stability. Doping nickel ferrite enhanced thermal stability without the adverse effect of electrical
conductivity.