Heat wave is the period of abnormally an increase in average temperatures for at least three consecutive days which can leads to dangerous, even deadly, health consequences, including heat stress and heatstroke. Heat waves can be one of the causes for the occurrence of meteorological drought and meteorological drought is abnormally dry weather su ciently prolonged period for the lack of soil moisture to causes serious reduction of agricultural production. In order to characterize the heat wave in the North-Eastern part of Ethiopia, especially in Afar region of Assaita and Semera, We utilized 30 years rainfall and temperature data (1988-2018) from NMA. It indicated that the occurrence of heat wave was prevailed in Assaita and Semera stations with speci c spatiotemporal conditions. Using these observed data, the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) values have been analyzed by using the DrinC software on the basis of monthly datasets. Our results revealed that the extreme and severe droughts in both stations were happened in the years of 2002, 2007, 2011, 2014 and 2016. We have employed a statistical method of \Pearson correlation" in order to demonstrate the relationship between temperature and rainfall. Such that, a negative correlation has been obtained between them (about -0.85 in Assaita and -0.82 in Semera). It is to be noted that the occurrence of positive correlation has been observed between the number of heat wave days and meteorological droughts in Assaita and Semera Station Afar region. Finally due to heat wave periods of our observational results, we can conclude that the increase of temperature and moisture holding capacity of the atmosphere is largely responsible for the delay of rainfall.