Abstract:
Hypertension is one of the most common health problems in the world. It is a non-communicable cardiovascular disease (CVD) and its prevalence currently is increasing especially in the middle and low income countries. Enough attention is not given for it particularly in developing countries like Ethiopia. National data and studies about hypertension are not available in Ethiopia. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of hypertension and its associated risk factors among secondary school teachers in Bahir Dar city administration. The research design used for the study was institution based cross-sectional survey. Primary data were collected from 222 sample teachers who were teaching in public owned secondary schools in the city administration by a simple random sampling method. Data were entered into a computer and analyzed using SPSS windows (Version 21). Presence of statistical association between dependent and independent variables were assessed using Chi-square tests. Logistic regression analysis had been used to assess independent risk factors for hypertension. P-values of less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant. The overall prevalence of hypertension in the study was 29.28%. Older age, being diabetic, having family history of hypertension, khat chewing, physical inactivity, and stressful conditions were found to be important risk factors associated with hypertension development among secondary school teachers in the study area. Increase in age (AOR: 2.506; 95% CI: 1.103 – 5.694; p = 0.028), having self-reported diabetic mellitus (AOR: 8.595; 95% CI: 2.795 - 26.424; p = < 0.001), having a family history of hypertension (AOR: 3.387; 95% CI: 1.579 – 7.285; p = 0.002), khat chewing (AOR: 5.426; 95% CI: 1.811 – 16.256, p = 0.003), physical inactivity (AOR: 5.212; 95% CI: 1.974 – 13.763; p = 0.001), and presence self-reported repeated stress (AOR: 3.027; 95% CI: 1.404 – 6.527; p = 0.005) were found to be the most important risk factors for hypertension development in the study. Different intervention measures with a particular emphasis on prevention by introducing lifestyle modifications are highly recommended to mitigate and control hypertension.
Keywords: Bahir Dar, hypertension, non-communicable diseases, prevalence, risk factors, secondary school teachers.