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Hot pepper (Capsicum annum L.) is one of the important cash crops to Ethiopian smallholder farmers and important agricultural commodity which contribute to export earnings. Fusarium wilt is one of the major biotic factors that constrained production and productivity of hot pepper in Ethiopia. The present study was conducted to evaluate integrated disease management options for hot pepper Fusarium wilt disease management to improve the production and productivity of hot pepper at Jabi Tehnan District, Northwest Ethiopia. Assessment was also carried out during 2019 main cropping season to know the status, causal agent and associated factors of hot pepper fusarium wilt . In the assessment a total of 50 hot pepper farmer fields were surveyed in five KAs of Jabi Tehnan District (namely; Mankusa-Abdegoma, Zaba, Mana, Bakel and Abasem-Zeguay). Samples collected during the assessment were characterized as Fusarium wilt (Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. capsici) based on morphological features and cultural test conducted under laboratory. Study of the survey revealed that 35.6% mean wilt incidence and 68% mean wilt prevalence of the District was observed. Among the surveyed KAs 6.8%, 10.2%, 28.3%, 53.7% and 78.8% Fusarium wilt incidence were observed in Zaba, Mana, Mankusa Abdegoma, Bakel and Abasem Zeguay KAs respectively. These variations in wilt incidence were mainly associated with agronomic practices and soil types. The field experiment was conducted at Mankusa Abdegoma Kebele Administration FTC site.The experiment consisted of 3x3 factorial RCBD which had 9 treatments,since three planting bed type(Raised, Ridge and furrow and Flat bed) and two types of fungicides (Apron star 42% WS and Matco 8-64 WP including Untreated as a control check). In the study interaction effect of the fungicide with bed types was significant in Fusarium wilt reduction. The highest (61.85%) Fusarium wilt incidence was obtained from Untreated Flat bed with lower pod yield (1.4 t /ha) and the lowest (6.8%) wilt incidence was obtained from the integration of Raised bed and Apron star fungicide with higher pod yield (3.06 t/ha). The highest (1445.05% days) AUDPC values were obtained from Untreated Flat bed, while the lowest (170.1% days) in AUDPC values were obtained from the integration of Raised bed with Apron star fungicide. Fusarium wilt incidence and AUDPC values were significant and negatively correlated with yield parameters. It was concluded that using Apron star fungicide with Raised bed significantly reduced Fusarium wilt incidence and gave reasonably high yields. However, the experiment should be repeated across different environments over years in order to give the right recommendations.
Key-Words: AUDPC, Bed Preparation, fungicide, Fusarium wilt, hot pepper, Inciden |
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