Some studies investigate the effect of different training programs on physical abilities. These studies typically aim to examine what training programs may improve what physical fitness components in athletes. It is crucial to set up proper training programs consistent with the motor needs and physiological properties of every sport. Jumping power, speed, and agility are invariably considered as significant factors in performing many sports skills. The purpose of this study is to investigate the comparative effects of plyometric and resistance training on speed, agility, and explosive power. This study has employed experimental research design. In this study, 40 Male Gondar University sport science students (10 samples out of 22 second year Male students and 30 samples out of 59 third year Male students) with the age of (PG=21.77 ± 1.30, RG=22.30 ± 1.04 and CG=21.93 ± 1.33) were assigned into three groups through stratified and proportional simple random sampling technique. Out of the three groups, two of them are assigned as experimental groups and the rest as control group. Both experimental groups (PG, N=13 and RG, N=13) participated in 8 weeks of plyometric and resistance training respectively. But the control group (N=14) did not participate in any of training. The experimental groups were manipulated 8 weeks training 3 days per week, each session lasting 50-80 minutes. Data were collected through pre and posttest measurements of each fitness test like flying 30 m speed, agility t-test, and vertical jump test. Collected data from the study was analyzed through the use of SPSS version 23 software program. The inferential data analysis methods such as paired t-test and independent sample t-test with level of significant p<0.05 were used to conduct the study. The result in the study shown that the interventions of 8 weeks plyometric and resistance training significantly improved the speed, agility, and explosive power of the students p<.05. The plyometric training group significantly improves the speed, agility, and explosive power of students than resistance training p<.05. Among plyometric and resistance training, plyometric training has been found better to improve the aforementioned fitness variables. So the researcher recommended that, it is better to use plyometric training rather than resistance training to gain better improvement of speed, agility, and explosive power. Keywords: Plyometric Training, Resistance Training, Speed, Agility, Explosive Power 1 CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background of the Study A variety of studies have been conducted on physical education and sports sciences in the world. Some studies investigate the effect of different training programs on physical abilities. These studies typically aim to examine the training programs that may improve specific physical skills in athletes. In principle, exercise training increases motor skills in humans. In this regard, it is crucial to set up proper training programs consistent with the motor needs and physiological properties of every sport. Power is invariably considered as significant factors in performing many sports skills (Chu, 1999). Sports experts suggest that weight (resistance) training and plyometric workout are two training methods that improve athletes’ power and skills (Robinson, 2002). From among modern training methods, greater attention has paid to muscular fitness exercises. Plyometric exercises hinge on a set of mechanical and physiological skills and abilities (Bumpa, 2005). Plyometric is a type of explosive training that was first used by Russian athletes in the 1960 summer Olympics (Robinson, 2002). Plyometric training was established by Russian coach, Yuri Verkhoshansky, who used this type of training with jumpers (Rodcliff, 2000). It is a type of neuromuscular training used to increase explosive power, which enables athletes to use their maximum power in minimum time (Chukragel, 1983). Plyometric, also