Strong core muscle was believed to help athletics performance; few scientific studies have been conducted to identify the effectiveness of core strength training for enhancing athletics performance. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of Core strength training on sprinting performance and selected fitness variables. The study applied quantitative research approach and employ quasi experimental design to attain the intended objectives. For this study the researcher has selected all 20male short distance athletes who participate in 100M and 200M sprint running in Finote Selam Andnet athletics project as a sample by using comprehensive sampling methods. Thus athletes were assigned randomly into two groups, 10 of them experimental and the rest 10 as control group. They were in the age category of 18 up to 26 years. Core strength training (CST) program was administered three days per week for about eight consecutive weeks for the experimental group in addition to the regular training program and the control group has only received the previously regular training program. Pre and post training tests were conducted to measure the athletes’ sprinting performance and selected fitness variable changes for speed, strength, agility and sprinting performance. The data was collected using appropriate performance test such as flying 30M test for speed fitness, T’ Drill Test for agility fitness, Core Muscle Strength & Stability test for strength fitness and 150M run test for sprinting performance. After gathering the PRT and POT value the data was analysed by using SPSS version 23.0 statistical software of paired sample T test with the level of significant at (P<0.05) to know the difference between PRT and POT results. The results showed that eight weeks core strength training has significant effect on speed, agility, strength and sprinting performance for experimental group at (P<0.05), however, there were no significant improvements on comparison group. Based on this finding, it can be concluded that core strength training helps to improve speed, strength, agility, and running performance of sprinters. Key words: core strength training, speed, agility, strength, sprinting performance.