The purpose of the study is to compare the effect of new interval training method and repetition training method on short and middle distance athlete’s anaerobic fitness. Thirty (30) short and middle distance project athletes were selected comprehensively from the total 40 athletes. Based on the pre test result the subjects were assigned into repetition (n=15) and new interval (n=15) training group through randomization. The study design was Quasi-Experimental method. So as to measure the effect of the training, five anaerobic fitness tests, viz.400m drop off test, 150m endurance test, 30m flying test and RAST test were measured. To evaluate the effect of these training methods, whether there were a significant difference between pre and post results after 8 weeks of three days per a training intervention week, paired sample t test was employed. In addition, to examine differences between the two groups result on anaerobic fitness, an independent sample t- test at alpha value of ≤0.05 was employed. Both training methods have a significant effect on anaerobic efficiency, speed endurance, maximum speed, power and fatigue index as pre to post-test. There were a significant difference between repetition training and new interval training group in level of anaerobic efficiency (p=.020, MD=.807) and maximum speed (P=.008, MD=.448). However, there were no significant difference between two groups in the level of speed endurance (p=0.150), power (p=0.619) and fatigue index (p=0.788). Therefore, two months of both new interval training method and repetition training method was effective for the improvement in all the above-mentioned fitness variables. Repetition-training method is better than new interval training method in improvement of anaerobic efficiency and maximum speed, But, there were no significant difference between groups in speed endurance, power and fatigue index. Therefore, it would seem highly recommended to implement both repetition and new interval training programs to improve anaerobic fitness and repetition training should be more effective than new interval training. Keyword: Anaerobic Fitness, Repetition Training, New Interval Training