Ethiopian agriculture is characterized by small-scale farming and experiencing erratic rainfall as well as drought. The low produce can possibly grow through developing technology adoption and improved practices on the marginal land farms. This study, therefore, examines the determinant of row-planting technology adoption on smallholder farmer’s maize production in Alefa woreda, Amara region using primary data source from a survey of a random sample of 386 smallholder farmers each. To deal with this, the researcher used both descriptive and econometric analyses as a tool. In the econometric analysis part, the marginal effect revealed that variables like sex of the household head, education, active labour availability, size of cultivated land, access to credit, off-farm participation, were found to be significant and affects positively to smallholder farmer’s adoption of both row-planting technologies. Access to Medias variables was also strongly affects row-planting technology positively. The policies which expand the accessibility of credit service, dissemination of productive agricultural technology information, and creating opportunity of education for farm house hold has potential to increase the chance of row planting technology adoption decision and strengthen the level of adoption among smallholder farmers.