Charcoal is the main source of energy for a large number of small, rural, and cottage industries and commercial activities along with the majority of rural and urban households. Society use the old and primitive way of charcoal making which is not well studied in research and experiment. Traditional charcoal production method has a lot of limitations and drawbacks on the quality, yield, and environmental pollution, labour and land cost.The purpose of this thesis was to develop and evaluate small-scale biomass carbonization kiln that overcomes this limitations. The development of kiln includes the selection of construction material, sizing major components of kiln and performance evaluation and comparison with traditional carbonization kiln.The characterization of charcoal was carried out for traditional and improved brick-kiln carbonization process in terms of proximate analysis and physical properties.The performance in terms of moisture content (2,0.89)%, volatile matter(8.84,3.02)%, fixed carbon content (81.09,91.42) %, heating value (29.982,32.762)MJ/kg, Bulck density (342.53,434.5)kg/m3, shatter resistance(88.8,91.12)%, water penetration resistance (26.34,17.99)%, ash content (8.06,4.660)% conversion efficiency(16,31) %, production time per cycle(4,5) days were found for traditional earth mound kiln and improved carbonization kiln respectively. The performance in terms of mass conversion efficiency of improved brick-kiln was found to be almost two times higher than traditional carbonization method. Besides,the quality of charcoal produced in improved brick kiln was found high quality which enhance in durability, transportation and handling purpose due to the control of operating parameters.