Abstract:
A mixed mode solar cabinet dryer that can be used for potato slice drying was constructed and evaluated. The dryer mainly consists of a solar collector/absorber, drying chamber and chimney. The solar collector is made up of 3mm thickness plastic sheet and 1.5mm thickness black painted metal sheet. The drying chamber also made from metal sheet and consists six wire mesh trays. The experiment was performed with different variety of potato, slice thickness, tilt angle and mode of airflow convection. The performance of the dryer were evaluated based on no load and load tests. The temperature in the drying chamber rised up to 46.5oC and 42.4oC with no load and load test respectively. The performance parameters for all tests were moisture content, drying rate and drying efficiency. Three drying kinetics models were selected and tested with Data fit 9.1 and Microsoft excel 2007. Among tested models, page model was the best fit drying kinetics model for both potato variety. The main parameters for selecting fit models were R2,RSS and SEE. Higher R2(close to 1) and lower RSS and SEE(close to 0) was selected. The moisture content was reduced from 3.39 to 0.075 g H2O/g solids (d.b.) for Tolicha variety. Gudenie potato variety lost its moisture with short period of time. The forced air flow convection was increased the removal of moisture from the slice and decreased the drying time. 2mm slice thickness was reached its equilibrium moisture content with short period of time as compared to 5mm slice thickness. The average collector efficiency for forced and natural air flow convection is found to be 61.7887% and 26.5351% respectively. The dryer efficiency of the solar dryer varies between 6-17%. The average drying efficiency of the solar dryer for Tolicha and Gudenie potato variety was found to be 12.9258% and 12.0996% respectively. The percent ascorbic acid reduced for Tolicha variety was found to be 31.479% and 34.547% for mixed and indirect mode solar cabinet dryer respectively. While Gudenie variety reduced its ascorbic acid concentration by 65.215% for both types of dryer. The collector was simulated using CFD and the maximum absorber temperature was found to be 70.285oC which is very close to the experimental result. The simulated result for velocity and solar radiations are also agreed with the experimental result.