Abstract:
Abstract Off grid PV systems have been used in remote rural area and do not have access electricity from grid in developing countries as a means of electrification. This paper aims to design and analysis of off grid system to generate electricity in rural village. Systematic approach has been administered in the off grid PV system are site description and important solar energy resource. Primary and secondary data gathering methods were conducted to collect the necessary data. The collected data showed that the subject study area receives monthly average global solar radiation and sunshine hour (5.9KWh/day and 7.3h) respectively in most parts of the year. This phenomenon is a common occurrence from 4Am and 10 Pm in the afternoon according to the National Metrology Agency Service (NMAS) and NASA in Ethiopia and analysis using Microsoft excel. Components were selected and specification PV system has been obtained by mathematical calculated of estimated solar radiation, determined size and manufactures data sheets which have been documented.
The result showed that the daily estimation load requirement of a selected single house hold which consists of four classroom sit Hachu village required 856Wh/day (0.856KWh/day).The household consumes 856Wh/day (856KWh/day) for household appliances such as lightings, tap player, TV set and dish receiver. This is based on the PV component selected, which was 12V DC system voltage, 240WGT solar panel to calculated the size of PV array 495.1W, capacity of battery charge 12V battery. The capacity of the battery selected was 160Ah battery modified sine wave inverter to provide 150WAC power to the load up on 80WAC. Inverter efficiency was measured at different load condition. PV system size of result of 1module, 2 batteries, a charge controller, and a inverter. The designed off grid PV system selected copper wire of cross sectional areas are 1.8mm2 ,2mm2 and 0.01mm2. One component with the other one was connected with copper wire. The cost estimated of the system component 18160.1birr, payback is 6.5years, the shorter lifecycle with selected PV array which is 30 years