Abstract:
The study focuses on modeling of temperature profile during beer fermentation and selecting modeled temperature to simulate with a growth of a microorganism, ethyl ethanol formation, carbohydrate (glucose, maltose, and malt triose) consumption, nutrient (free amino acid) consumption, yeast growth, and flavor compound formation. The study also uses initial carbohydrate (glucose, maltose, and malt triose) concentration and pitching rate as a factor of study on beer quality and fermentation time. Finite element modeling was used for heat transfer modeling and COMSOL Multiphysics version 5.3 was the used software for the implementation. For simulation of physio-chemical change with the selected temperatures, initial concentration, and pitching rate, MATLAB version 17 was used. The simulated results were indicated that at high coolant flow rate, a lowtemperature profile was recorded with fermentation time. Accordingly, at 1.2, 1.3 and 1.6 m3/hr, 20 oC, 18 oC, and 12.5 oC were the observed temperatures respectively. The modeled vorticity results were also indicated that at 1.2 coolant flowrate uniform flow of fluid was observed around stirring center than other coolant rates. The simulated results were indicated that the initial glucose which were presented in the wort take 6 days and 8hrs for 12.5 oC, almost 3 days for 18 oC and decreased to 2 days for 20 oC to perform its conversion to ethanol and another flavor based by product. Initial glucose concentration (300 mol/m3) was finished after 134hrs whereas glucose concentration (200 &100) mol/m3 was finished after 92hrs and 51 hrs respectively. The simulated results were also indicated that propanol and isobutyl alcohol, reached their threshold value after, 52 and 74hrs for 300 initial concentrations, after 41 and 61hrs, for 200 initial concentrations and after 32 and 41hrs, for 100 initial concentrations respectively. Vicinal diketones was reached its threshold value after 32hrs whereas acetaldehyde was reached after 2hrs by increasing the pitching rate to 75 mol/m3. Esters simulated results were also indicated that pitching rate have effect on their threshold value.