Ethiopia is a nation rich with abundant sources of renewable energy and has an enormous potential for the generation of sustainable energy including electricity. However, access to clean, efficient and modern energy services is a critical challenge the nation is facing. The aim of this study was to assess and model the Ethiopian energy sector management system. In doing so, both qualitative and quantitative research methods were employed to gather and analyze the necessary data. Unstructured interviews, direct observations, discussions with officials and experts and review and analysis of secondary were used. The findings indicated that the overall energy sector management systems and the national energy policy of the country are incapable of addressing the long term energy challenges. The sector is mainly challenged and characterized by inefficient generation, transmission and utilization of renewable energy sources; poor mixes of energy supply together with highly imbalanced, inadequate, irregular and insecure demand and supply; and visible environmental degradation. To the reverse of this, international and state commitments, the new privatization modality devised for the sector and the demand of electricity shown in the neighboring countries are considered as opportunities of the sector. The models developed in all scenarios revealed that the emissions of CO2 are non existent by 2030. As a result the supply of energy in the modeling period would be changed to renewable and the primary energy supply system would get diversified from a system dominated by wooden biomass to the use of renewable and other indigenous resources. Due to this, one can dare to say that all the scenarios would lead the country to achieve the 7th goal of Sustainable Development, SDG 7; sustainable energy for all.