Abstract:
The most important and frequently encountered combination of construction materials is steel and concrete. The use of composite structures in multistory buildings and high-way bridges becomes wide spread practice. Shear connectors are widely used for the transfer of the longitudinal shear force developed at interface between concrete slabs and steel beams and hence develops a composite action. The strength and ductility of these shear connectors greatly influence the capacity of composite action. Even though headed shear stud connectors are currently used shear connectors, however due to their unavailability on market, and their requirements of special welding equipment which needs high voltage for operation, and in addition their limitation in load carrying capacity due to low contact area with concrete, therefore other alternative shear connectors need to be proposed. In this paper the results of both experimental study and 3D finite element modeling of push-out tests on locally fabricated channel shear connector (LFCSC) were presented. The load carrying capacity, the failure modes, the load-slip behaviors and ductility of this connectors was presented well. Concrete crushing-splitting and channel fractures were the observed failure modes in the push-out specimens. The strength concrete affects both the strength and ductility of channel shear connectors. The Canadian and Chinese code provisions provide underestimate prediction whereas the American code provision provides overestimate results.
Furthermore, a 3D finite element modeling of push-out tests was developed using ABAQUS software. After validation of the proposed model the study has been extended to investigate the effect of channel dimensions and areas of transversal reinforcement bars on shear resistance of channel shear connectors. The length of channel shear connector has a significant effect on the ultimate load capacity and load-slip behavior of channel shear connector. The height and thickness of channel shear connector has a considerable effect on the shear capacity of channel shear connectors. The area of the transversal reinforcement bars has insignificant effect on the ultimate load but enhances the ductility of the load-slip behaviors. Finally, to provide technical guidance and design data for this typical shear connectors an empirical predicting equation was developed.