Appropriate poverty measurement and identification of consumption-based rural poverty determinants are the key steps to formulate appropriate poverty reduction strategies. Several poverty measures were done by different methods at different locations. To overcome consumption-based poverty problem area specific research data is pertinent. So this research was conducted at west Belesa woreda, Central Gondar zone of Ethiopia in 2019. The objective of this research is to analyze the extent of rural poverty and identify the determinants of consumption-based rural poverty at the household level. To collect the data, 194 households were selected at 4 representative kebeles by simple random sampling technique. The Primary data were collected from the respondent by schedule interview and focus group discussion. The secondary data were collected from reports, journals, proceedings, and books. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics (percentage, mean, minimum and maximum) and inferential statistics such as t-test, chisquare test, binary logit, Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and poverty indices. To measure the extent of rural poverty, asset-based and consumption-based poverty measurement approaches were applied. The calculated asset poverty line generated by Principal Component Analysis method was 0.75 while the food and non-food consumption poverty line calculated by the cost of basic need approach were 2949.40 birr per AE per year and 1485.78 birr per year per AE respectively. The rural poverty indices were calculated on the consumption-based poverty line. Headcount index, Poverty gap, and severity of poverty were 38.1 percent 8.84 percent and 3.1 percent respectively with the inequality Gini coefficient of 0.26. A binary logit analysis result shows that family size had a significant and positive relationship on consumption-based rural poverty but landholding size, tropical livestock unit, amount of off-farm income and distance of agricultural office had a significant and negative relationship on consumption-based rural poverty. Consumption-based poverty is deep and complex in the study area. 38.1 percent of the rural people live in consumptionbased poverty. To reduce asset-based and consumption-based rural poverty in the woreda, multidimensional poverty reduction strategy should be launch. Awareness creation and income generation activities should expand at the community as well as the household level. Keywords: Asset, Consumption, Expenditure, Logit, Rural poverty, Ethiopia xi TABLE OF CONTENTS THESIS APPROVAL SHEET ...............................................................................................................