Soil erosion is one of the most severe environmental problems in Ethiopia. Achieving sustainable pathways out of land degradation problem and poverty require active participation of people in SWC conservation practices. The objective of this study was to assess the determinant factors for farmers’ willingness to participate in soil and water conservation practices in Guna District, Ethiopia. The study employed both primary and secondary data collection methods. The primary data were collected from 200 households using interview schedule. To analyze the collected data, the study employed frequency, percent, inferential statistics and binary logistic regression model. The study shows, stone bund, cut-off drain, tracing, and contour farm were the most common SWC practices in the study area. From sampled HHs 58.5% were not willing and 41.5% were willing to participate in SWC practices. HHs participation in planning and in evaluation of SWC practices was low, but high at implementation phase. Household heads type, age, educational status, land size, perception, access to training , family size, frequency of visit with extension experts, and off-farm income were found more powerful to explain HHs willingness to participate in SWC practices. Of these, land size and family size have negative influence on willingness. The study concludes that the participation of most households were through forced and without their initiation; and above half of sampled HHs were not willing to participate leads unsustainability of soil and water conservation practices in the study area. The study suggests that, the District agricultural office and concerned stakeholders should consider the involvement of HHs at the very initiation of planning and designing for SWC practice as well as evaluation phase. The District SWC experts should encourage farmers who are participating in soil and water conservation practices by their willingness. Moreover, enhancement of farmer’s willingness should be taking the first place than forcing them to participate in SWC practices. Finally, the extension experts and any concerned