dc.description.abstract |
Hepatitis B is the most common and severe infection of the liver in the world including
Ethiopia. This study was undertaken to assess the prevalence and possible association between
risk factors and sero-positivity of Hepatitis B Virus surface antigen (HBsAg) among
individuals visiting Woldia Health Center, northeast, Ethiopia. Hospital based cross-sectional
study was conducted from November 2018 to February 2019. Blood samples were randomly
collected from 415 individuals. Data on socio-demographic characteristics and potential risk
factors were collected using structured questionnaire. HBsAg rapid kits were used to detect the
presence of HBsAg using antibodies (if any) against HBV from serum samples of the studied
subjects. Chi-square test was used for assessing the association between socio-demographic
variables and HBV status. Logistic regression analysis was done to determine the strength of
association between risk factors and HBV infection. Prevalence of hepatitis B was 3.37%.
Amongst the potential risk factors analyzed in univariate logistic regression, sex (COR= 3.759,
CI: 1.274-11.087, P= 0.016), smoking (COR= 6.517, CI: 1.286-33.035, P= 0.024), previous
experience of liver disease (COR= 11.879, CI: 2.822-50.010, P= 0.001), previous experience
of TB or cancer (COR=8.187, CI: 1.568-42.740, P= 0.013), having multiple sexual partners
(COR= 6.614, CI: 2.032-21.525, P= 0.002), and abortion (COR= 10.082, CI: 1.797-56.574, P=
0.009) were significantly associated with hepatitis B infection. Nevertheless, only the variable,
previous experience of liver disease, remained as a statistical significant explanatory risk factor
in multivariate logistic regression (AOR= 30.69, P= 0.013) analysis. This study found an
intermediate endemicity (3.37 %) of HBV infection and it was very small, but this needs to be
confirmed by other studies at community level. Thus, screening of individuals for HBV
infections and administration of health information about the risk factors, the mode of
transmissions and prevention is recommended. |
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