The nature of land tenure system practiced in the region for a long period has been shifting cultivation, which is distinct from the highlands of Ethiopia. However, the government of the region formulated land administration legislation and started land registration through systematic land rights registration without giving attention to customary land tenure. The researcher was intended to study the assessment of rural land registration and certification in Benishangul Gumuz region. Moreover, issues like, nature and form of customary tenure system and land registration process over protection of women’s land right and communal land, landholders’ perception of land rights security before and after certification. Accordingly, the required information was obtained from both primary and secondary sources. Primary household survey was carried out in three administrative Keble has been collected from household surveys and through participatory approach, which included focus group discussions, key informants’ interviews and direct observation and both open and closed ended questionnaires. Secondary data are collected and used from the relevant literature from legal framework and scrutinized the required information by drawing inferences by using both qualitative and quantities data analysis, during data analysis qualitative data analysis takes the lion share. As per the study, tenure security was low in the region because absence of linkage between customary and statutory land tenure system, this contributes a lot towards tenure insecurity. However, in response to the insecurity problem the government has taken measures by linking both systems. Somehow, the vulnerable group of the society especially women land rights are protected because of holding certificate. In general, the findings of the study demonstrated that the poor implementation leads to intense land dispute than before. Therefore, the government interventions on structure of LAS and capacity building should carry out to increase tenure security. Keywords: customary tenure system, statutory tenure system, Land administration, Land tenure, land rights, certificate of holding and security of land rights