This research aims to investigate the major factors that affect the effectiveness of project based training in Amhara National Region State, Bahir Dar Poly Technic College, Textile and Garment departments and after investigating challenges related to project based training effectiveness factors, I tried to address this problems to concerned bodies and they can use a departure point to alleviate this problems in the TVET training institutions. For the sake of achieving the objectives of this study, questionnaires were analyzed using statistical analysis such as descriptive, bar graphs and pie charts. The information gleaned through questionnaire from a sample of 22 Bahir Dar Poly Technic College Textile and Garment department trainers and face-to-face interviews were conducted with these targeted trainers. The empirical study elicited six major challenges which seem to affect the effectiveness of project based training in Bahir Dar Poly Technic College, Textile and Garment departments which include: General perception factors, Perceived challenges, pedagogical and didactical factors, motivation and interest factors, teaching experience of project based training and availability of infrastructures. The findings further indicate that, General perception factors and teaching experience of project based training are the two topmost factors that affect the effectiveness of project based training in the TVET colleges. To alleviate these two top most factors which affect the effectiveness of project based training, I were planned to address the existing problems to the concerned body. Based on findings, recommendations were forwarded to concerned government bodies, ANRS TVED bureau, Bahir Dar Poly Technic College and suggestions for other researchers.