Blood group has been projected as useful markers in studying variation in family linkage analysis and population study. The general objective of this study was to assess the phenotypic distribution pattern of human morphogenetic traits and ABO and Rh-blood groups amongDabat Preparatory School students. A total 159 (19.3%) volunteer students were selected above 17 ages by systematic sampling technique.From these total sample size, 55% or 87 male and 45% or 72 female students were selected.This was a descriptive, cross sectional study that employed in this research design. The major tool of data gathering instruments used were visual observation for determination of morphogenetic trait and slide agglutination methods using Anti-A, anti B and anti-D reagent was used for ABO and Rh-D blood type determination. The data generated from participant was analyzed in a simple percentage. Furthermore, chi-square cross tabulation analysis was used to test for statistical significance level usingSPSS-version-23.According to the result, of the study the first most frequent blood type in the study population is ‘O’ type blood and second most prevalent was ‘A’ type of blood followed by ‘B’ type blood while, AB’ blood was the least prevalent with percentage of 38.4%, 31.4%, 22.6 and 7.5% respectively. The highest Rh-D blood types was 95% Rh-positive blood types followed by 5% Rh-negative blood types. Results from morphogenetic traits shown that, free earlobe, attachment, the ability to roll tongue, straight hairline shape, facial dimples, straight thumb shapes, and presence of mid-digital hair were more prevalent in the studied population, while attached earlobes, unable to roll tongue, curved hairline shapes, bent thumb shapes and absence of mid-digital hairs were less prevalent. In this study as preliminary attempt, other important observation was the presence of statistically significant difference among ABO and Rh blood type phenotypic distribution among population. But no association was found between ABO and Rh blood phenotype and sex. In other hand significant association was found facial dimples and hairline traits phenotypic distribution with sex among studied students but others were not associated. In the same analysis statistical significant association was found between tongue rolling traits and ABO blood types. In general the output of this study regarding ABO blood and Rh-D blood phenotypic frequency distribution confirmed that considerable similarity was exist with previous finding conducted in different representative parts of Ethiopia. The implication of this study finding is that blood group O and blood group A are readily available among the study population. Further investigation and awareness creation regarding to incompatibility of ABO and Rh- blood system related health risk was recommended. Key words/phrases: ABO blood types, Dabat, Morphogenetic traits, Rh- blood groups prevalence and students