Wildlife is indispensable for the proper functioning of the biosphere and, hence, for all systems on the planet. Protections of wildlife are of increasing concern in the international and Ethiopia. As a result, measures have been adopted at all levels to ensure that biodiversity is well conserved. This is true in Ethiopia, too, because it has so far accepted international obligations, adopted national laws, and established institutional frameworks, among other things, to ensure that its wildlife is conserved while using it sustainably. In order to achieve this objective, Ethiopia has been employing various strategies one of which is establishing National parks, one of the key tools to ensure wildlife conservation. The basic argument made in this thesis is that, the practical application of wildlife laws which are legislated by Ethiopia and the loophole in their application particularly between the law and the practice. The research identify the gaps and difficulties in the practice of wildlife conservation in Ethiopia through reviewing different literatures, laws, interviews, questionnaires and focus group discussion with a particular case study of ANP. Finally, the research finds out that there is legal, institutional and practical problems on wildlife conservation to which the research come up with conclusion and recommendation based on the findings of the research.