Abstract:
Verbascum sinaiticum (Local name ‘yeahiya joro’) is a plant having a height of 60–150 cm. It is traditionally used to treat wound, stomachache, viral infection, cancer, sunstroke, fever, abdominal colic, diarrhea, hemorrhage, anthrax, and hepatitis. The present work investigates the phytochemical screening, antioxidant activities, and antibacterial activities.The roots of V. sinaiticum were extracted with increasing gradient of organic solvents (petroleum ether, chloroform and methanol). The methanol and chloroform extracts of the roots of V. sinaiticum showed similar phytoconstituents. However, the extracts of the latter solvent do not show alkaloids, tannins and phenols. Antioxidant activity was assayed by 2,2- diphenyl-1- picrylhydrazyl and ferric reducing antioxidant power methods. The antioxidant power of standard ascorbic acid was found to be 73.42±0.094% and the solvent extract was found to be: methanol 44.55±0.036% and chloroform 9.15±0.109%. The methanol extract of the plant exhibited the higher radical scavenging activity than chloroform extracts radical scavenging activity. The ability of reducing power of methanolic extract (% Inhibition 88.72%) was lower than the standard antioxidant, ascorbic acid (% inhibition 98.63%). Evaluation of antibacterial activity of crude extracts of V.sinaiticum against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumonia and Staphylococcus pyogines and chloroform extracts exhibited higher antibacterial activity than chloroform extracts. The maximum activity of methanol extract was seen against Staphylococcus aureus at concentration of 100 mg/mL and the minimum activity was seen against Streptococcus pyogenes at the concentration of 75 mg/mL. As concentration increases the antibacterial activities were increases