Efficacy of Ethanol Extracts of Some Botanicals on the Mortality of  Maize Weevil, Sitophilus Species(Curculionidae)

Mastewal, Alehegn

dc.contributor.author	Mastewal, Alehegn
dc.date.accessioned	2018-07-11T05:08:38Z
dc.date.available	2018-07-11T05:08:38Z
dc.date.issued	2018-07-11
dc.identifier.uri	http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/8849
dc.description.abstract	Sitophilus zeamais (maize weevil) is a serious pest of stored products in tropical and subtropical countries. Botanical pesticides have become viable alternatives of synthetic insecticides in weevil control. This study was conducted to determine the efficacy of ethanol extracts of some botanicals on the mortality of maize weevil, sitophilus species curculionidae).The test plants were collected from different areas of Amhara Region. The collected plants were air dried under shade, powdered and tinctures were made by immersing plant powders in 40 and 70 % ethanol (1:5 w/v) for 21 days. The study was carried out in Bahir Dar University, Biomedical Research Laboratory. The experiment was conducted under room temperature at 23-25°C. S. zeamais and maize had been collected from farmers and traders in and around Bahir Dar Zuria woreda. Two types of experiments; toxicity test and grain damage test were conducted using the tinctures. In the toxicity test, 1, 1.5, and 2 ml of each tincture was added to 20 gram maize grains, put in plastic containers, mixed well, 10 weevils added to each container, covered with muslin cloth and weevil mortality observed at the 6th, 12th, 24th, 48th , 72nd hours and weekly for five weeks. In the grain damage test, tinctures of each plant material (10 ml, 15 ml, and 20 ml) were mixed thoroughly with 200 gram grains in plastic jars, 20 adult weevils added, covered with muslin cloth and tightened with rubber bands, and placed at room temperature for three months Experiment was laid out in a completely randomized design (CRD), with three replications, the data were analyzed using (ANOVA) procedure using SAS (2003). Tukey test was used for (mean comparison) between treatment). After the 3rd month, grain weight loss and number of holes in randomly selected grains were used as damage indicators. Furthermore, weevil mortality and seed germination tests were conducted. J. procera( 96.6%) and P. dodecandra(96.4%) tinctures were the most effective weevil killers followed by S. trifasciata(93.6% ) and E. globule (92.5 )> O. integrifolia (55.5) > Control /Blank (23.35%). Seed damage expressed by hole formation and weight loss. Holes (%) = Control /Blank (70.0%) > O. integrifolia (24.3 %) >E. globulus (0.56%) > J. procera (0.22%) = S. tranfacita (0.22%) > P. dodecandra (0.11%). Weight loss also in similar order with hole%. Germination at higher dose (2ml) of four plant extract affect germination of maize grain where as in 10ml and 15 ml there was maximum germination percent except O.integrifolia extract which had similar effect. Key Word: Insecticidal activity, Maize, Plant extracts and Sitophilus Species	en_US
dc.language.iso	en	en_US
dc.subject	biology	en_US
dc.title	Efficacy of Ethanol Extracts of Some Botanicals on the Mortality of Maize Weevil, Sitophilus Species(Curculionidae)	en_US
dc.type	Thesis	en_US