thiopia Is the second populous cm111/1y in Sub Saharan Africa has tremendous land and water 1:/>ources. However, most of the areas used by settlement are extremely degraded, per capita land availability is dwindled and productivities of land and labor are reduced. Agricultural production is also wry much....._q_ffected due lo variability of rainfall and drought. Agricultural production growth mainly comes though exumstfication and limited intensification. Nowadays there are mixed experiences with promoting irrigation and other modern agricultural technologies in the effor"l- of intensification. In the last decade, small-scale irrigation and • rainwater harvesting are central to Ethiopia 's new policy and strategy on agricultural and rural 1fevdopmem . ' This paver provides the impacts of RWH (which iJ- the recent interventions) for augmenting agricultural production and identifies further opportunities and constraints. Jn Libokemkmn Woreda. where there is scarce and erratic rainfall, there is evidence that irrigation through RWJJ has.achieved positive imp/icts: better opportunity for crop production. better income, . :I} reduction ofrisks, and hence generated benefits for poor rural communities. Despite successes, there are also failures from which to learn in terms of technology choice, institutional set ups, support services iba: make such systems functional. There is a general perception that the current low performanc~ of some small-scale irrigation in RWH schemes is related to a number of' issues such as limited capacity, tnstituttonal instability, flawed project design and lack. of adequate community consultation during project planning. Since there are yet significan! potentials to be tapped, there are unique opportunities to adjust the drawbacks. During the fast four years about 13,028 rainwater harvesting structures {RWI/Sj were constructed in the Amhara Region. Out of I his 126 RWH ranks were localed in libo-Kemkem Woreda. However. because of technical, social and managerial problems most of the structures were notfuncttonal. In this study rainwater harvesting systems and ~ts importance /0 augmenling crop production at household level i11 Libo-Kemkem Woreda were done. If these constraints and drawbacks are overlooked, well-intended development efforts of governments and NGOs are likely lo continue fulling short of their intended impacts. The paper therefore recommends key approaches that would help to adjust the above drawbacks and constraints.