This study is designed to explore the status of rural women in access to and control over rural land in the current land administration system in Amhara region, Alefa Woreda, two rural Kebele’s, The overall objective of this study is to assess effects of the rural land use and administration policy implementation with respect to rural women’s equal access to and control over land in Amhara region, Alefa Woreda two rural kebele, There have been no empirical researches on the stated problem in Alefa Woreda. Therefore this study intends to find out the extent to which rural land policy of Amhara region and its implementation process have effect on women’s equal access to and control over rural land and also to know women’s awareness about their right to acquire, administer, control, use and transfer property. The necessary data for the study was generated both from primary and secondary sources. Hence the instrument such as key informant interview from 15 respondents, focus group discussion and questionnaire from a house hold survey of 103 female heads of households, review of related document and personal observation are used in the study for the purpose of data triangulation. Study findings reveal that women’s access rights to land is less equal than legally provided. This study evidences gaps between policy and implementation. Customary laws and traditional practices generally have impacts on land access rights of women and access rights of Women’s control over land is not efficiently addressed by the regional rural land policy. This is a significant policy drawback as women’s equal rights on land could not be achieved without gaining control over land. The land administration system in general and the land registration process in particular has not considered women’s participation in community activities and decision-making. This study forwards recommendation to address gender gaps identified to ensure women’s equal access to and control over rural land in the study area. The Amhara rural land proclamation needs revision from a gender perspective to address women’s specific issues and the land administration system should consider women’s participation in the process, their contribution to the system as well as their equal benefits from policy outcomes. Key words: Land, Land administration, land right.