Abstract:
The floriculture sector is growing in Ethiopia. Currently, Ethiopia is the second largest rose exporter in Africa and the sixth in the world. The flower sector is used for the purpose of particular focus due to the tension that exists between the benefits in the enhancement of cut flower exports and the corresponding challenges in labor conditions, environmental compliance standards and in the sustainability of the economic benefits. In spite of the Ethiopian legal framework on sustainable development, the sector criticized with exploiting the environment with taking as advantages gaps in the institutional framework. Evidences indicate that Ethiopian floriculture sector is responsible for arbitrary expropriation of rural and semi urban land; unregulated and high consumption of pesticide, fungicides, insecticides and chemical fertilizers. These agricultural inputs are resulted for loss of soil fertility, depletion of nutrient, killing non target organisms, loss of biodiversity, greenhouse gas emission, effect on water quality; depletion of water resource and competition with local community; unsafe waste disposal mechanisms; and risk on workers safety. Despite the fact that sector will have economic significance the country’s economy the deleterious effect on environment and people’s health views how the sector is uncertain. Therefore the paper aims to explore how the floriculture industries found near to Bahir Dar City are regulated and supervised. In doing so both federal and regional government legal regimes are investigated. The institutional arrangements of the region in monitoring the sector and the power they have to take measures in times of violations of rules and regulations also examined. Apart from the environmental harms the sector is also blamed for social problems. Like any other agricultural investments it needs huge amount of land mostly found by evicting residents of the locality. The most fertile and irrigable land is employed for the purpose which is emanated from the non appearance of land use plan designating the land appropriately. Inadequacy of the payable amount of money in form of compensation is also vital source of the scenario. Thus, this study assesses the impact of floriculture industries related to the environmental, socio- economic and occupational health and safety impacts regulation. Finally I would say the sector in the Amhara region is deregulated regarding its social and environmental impacts owing to multiple of reasons. Therefore the study will suggest that the enactment of specific laws for the sector and applicability of existing laws accordingly. Authorities conventional for monitoring, supervising and regulating these industries have been prearranged in a comportment to accomplish the purpose. In addition they have to be appearing with appropriate experts and logistics .Floriculture sector development should comply with the countries’ environmental policy and allocation of land should be go with food security issues and other prominent agricultural practices with the help of functional land use plan will be solutions to the existing deregulation in the sector.