The nature and magnitude of Rural Land Acquisition (RLA) is currently taking place in the country‟s Federal rural land law and the same is true at the country‟s different regional states. This study was assessed challenges and opportunities by evaluating and analyzing the different RLA processes in Tigray National Regional State (TNRS). Both qualitative and quantitative type of data, that is, Qualitative data types include In-depth Interviews (IDIs); Focus Group Discussion (FGDs); Key Informant Interviews (KIs); Observation and Documentary Reviews (DR). Surveys were used to capture quantitative data types that could not be gathered using qualitative methods. Quantitative data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS version 21) and Micro Soft Excel (MS-Excel) computer packages while qualitative information from KIIs were summarized and dotted down into main themes. The results of this study show that Tigray‟s RLA process is dominated by House Hold farmers who have acquired cheaply for different purposes like for agricultural practice activities, residential, and tenure security transferring by the modalities of RLA. However, the challenges were raised on the RLA practices with respect to Regional Rural Land Laws (RRLLs) limitations, the land use right transferring through land bequeath of spouse and will/promise is prohibited. Moreover; all rural livelihoods who are >=18 age landlessness persons have equal chance to get land through redistributions, and also there is no clear prioritization of land redistribution on the affirmative for women and people with disability. The challenges mainly originate from institutional legal framework, regional rural land law with high restrictions, administrative drawbacks and frequently redistribution practices causes for more grievance raise due to land redistributions and next inheritances. consequently, since the rural land acquisition have politically significance and sensitive to good governance, the existing challenges in the key actors inappropriate implementation practices of the RLA modalities and regional rural land law (RRLL) constraints, it is difficult to handle the problems that faced in rural land acquisition modalities practices with the existing opportunities. Key Words: Rural Land Acquisition, Land bequeaths, grant and Tigray Nation Regional State