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| dc.contributor.author | TIGIST, ABIYE | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2024-02-28T07:31:26Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2024-02-28T07:31:26Z | |
| dc.date.issued | 2023-06 | |
| dc.identifier.uri | http://ir.bdu.edu.et/handle/123456789/15668 | |
| dc.description.abstract | Water quality deterioration is a serious concern in many countries drinking water supply systems, due to many interconnected physical, chemical, and bacteriological factors. The problem is more severe in developing countries, like Ethiopia. The purpose of this study is to assess the drinking water quality at different community water sources, at household level, and at selected Healthcare facilities and schools in Dera Woreda, Amhara region, Ethiopia. Physicochemical parameters were analyzed at in-situ and the bacteriological analysis carried out in the laboratory. The study was conducted from June 2022 to march 2023. Two rounds of water samples were taken in dry and wet seasons from each sample site. In wet season a total of (n=128) water samples were collected from 24 kebeles and (n=34) water samples from public institutions and (n=229) household samples, while in dry season we collected (n=101) water samples from 18 selected kebeles and (n=27) water samples from 45 selected schools, health care facility and (n=177) household samples. Water source samples were collected from improved (47.4%), unimproved (43.9%) and surface (8.7%) sources. The physicochemical and bacteriological data was analyzed using SPSS version 26, and the Pearson correlation and analysis of variance (Kruskal–Willi’s test), except temperature and E. coli all parameters were statistically significant difference among sampling points, while only pH and turbidity was statistically significant among sampling season(p<0.05). The result showed that except pH, turbidity, temperature and free residual chlorine other selected physicochemical parameters were found within the acceptable limit of WHO and Ethiopian standards in both seasons, but the bacteriological test results revealed that majority of samples were above the WHO standards. Most ground water samples had lower pH, more than 95% water points had detectable E. coli, 75% had high risk. Household samples had similar level of E. coli with community water points, household samples from improved source had safer than those collected from unimproved source; however, the majority of households had water from an unimproved source. Households with low level of income had high E. coli detectable samples. Most households stored water safely in covered containers with narrow openings. The provision of additional improved sources was recommended to prevent this. Keywords: Water quality, physicochemical and bacteriological parameter, Household storage, Wealth index, Risk assessment, Dera woreda. | en_US |
| dc.language.iso | en_US | en_US |
| dc.subject | Civil and Water Resource Engineering | en_US |
| dc.title | ASSESSMENT OF RURAL DRINKING WATER QUALITY IN THE CASE OF DERA DISTRICT, ETHIOPIA | en_US |
| dc.type | Thesis | en_US |
