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| dc.contributor.author | ZELEKEW, TESHOME | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2022-11-29T07:25:24Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2022-11-29T07:25:24Z | |
| dc.date.issued | 2021-09 | |
| dc.identifier.uri | http://ir.bdu.edu.et/handle/123456789/14582 | |
| dc.description.abstract | The growing utilizations of synthetic pesticides have caused more serious environmental and health problems which as a result requires substitution of the existing pesticides by extracting and using as biopesticides from neem plant. The objective of this study was the extraction of azadirachtin from neem tree leaves and seeds for biopesticide application. The azadirachtin was extracted from neem seeds and leaves by soxhlet extraction method using solvent (ethanol), particle size (500 ), temperature (40 , 50 , & 60 ), and extraction time (3hr, 4hr, & 5hr). A completely randomized factorial design was applied in order to know the individual effects of working time, temperature and their interaction effect on azadirachtin yields of neem seed and leaves. Results revealed that the highest average yields of azadirachtin obtained from neem seeds and leave were 43.4% and 39%, respectively at 5hours duration and 60 , whereas at 40 and 3hour duration the minimum extracted average yields were found to be 32.2% and 29.8%, respectively which indicates that neem seeds possess a slight higher amount of yield than the leaves. Moreover, the results also implied that increasing extraction time and temperature increase the amount of azadirachtin extracted from neem seeds and leaves. The physicochemical properties of the neem seeds and leaf biopesticides extracted in average were found to be: the retention time of HPLC 2.73, 2.4 minutes; specific gravity 0.91, 0.9; pH 4.9, 5; refractive index 1.475, 1.386; solubility 98.8, 97.5%; moisture content 20, 45%; ash content 6%, 4%; flash point 40-45 ; acid value 16.8, 16mgKOH/g; and saponification value 213, 216mgKOH/g, respectively. In general, the extracted yield obtained from neem seed material type was a little higher by 4.4% than neem leave and the values obtained for physicochemical properties of the extracted yield fits within the acceptable limits when compared with previously reported data and international standard. Key words: Biopesticides (Azadiractin); Soxhlet extraction; Neem leave and seeds; HPLC, | en_US |
| dc.language.iso | en_US | en_US |
| dc.subject | MECHANICAL AND INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING | en_US |
| dc.title | Production and Characterization of Biopesticides from Neem Leave and Seeds Using Soxhlet Methods | en_US |
| dc.type | Thesis | en_US |
