Groundwater Quality Assessment Using Gis and Wqi: A Study In Bahir Dar City, Northwestern Ethiopia

Menen, Asmamaw

dc.contributor.author	Menen, Asmamaw
dc.date.accessioned	2022-08-31T05:50:09Z
dc.date.available	2022-08-31T05:50:09Z
dc.date.issued	2022-08
dc.identifier.uri	http://ir.bdu.edu.et/handle/123456789/14059
dc.description.abstract	Groundwater is a key source of drinking water for people all around the world. Groundwater contamination may come from both natural and man-made sources. Drinking adequate quantities of high-quality water is beneficial to one's health. This study aimed to assess the groundwater quality of Bahir Dar City using a Geographical Information System (GIS), the spatial distribution of the water quality index (WQI), and Multi-Criteria Evaluation (MCE) technique. The study also highlights the connection between the spatial distribution of quality and the potential zones of groundwater. The groundwater quality assessment was performed based on data from 33 wells monitored during the Belg (February to May) 2022, and they were analyzed for major physicochemical parameters. An ArcGIS geostatistical analyst was used in exploratory data analysis, semivariogram model selection, cross-validation, and the development of a groundwater quality distribution. Groundwater quality semivariogram models varied and included exponential (T. Hardness), spherical (Temperature, E.Coli, Sulphate, Electrical Conductivity), stable (PH, Alkalinity, Turbidity, Nitrate, Iron), and circular (TDS, Manganese, Nitrite) models. Ordinary Kriging (OK) was used to analyze the spatial variability of groundwater quality, whereas the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) technique was used to prepare groundwater potential zones for comparison with its quality. The study found out that in built-up areas of the city, pH, alkalinity, Escherichia coli, Nitrite, Manganese, and Iron levels are recorded above the World Health Organization's (WHO) limit. The WQI assessment map showed that 19.6% (43.8 km2) of the groundwater of the city was found to be in the excellent water class, 69.6% (155.84 km2) was classified as good, and 10.8% (24.3 km2) was classified in the poor water class based on the computed WQI classification results. The majority of built-up areas, namely Shimbit, Tana, Fassilo, Shum Abo, Atse Tewodros, and part of Woramit (along the shore of Lake Tana), are categorized as having poor water quality. The Groundwater Potential Zones (GWPZ) map also revealed that the high groundwater potential of the study area is associated with poor quality. MCE integrated with GIS is uite efficient method for ground water delineation where geotechnical approaches are cost and time intensive. Therefore, the findings imply that improving the groundwater quality of in high potential zones requires due attention via proper sustainable land use planning.	en_US
dc.language.iso	en_US	en_US
dc.subject	Geography and Environmental Studies	en_US
dc.title	Groundwater Quality Assessment Using Gis and Wqi: A Study In Bahir Dar City, Northwestern Ethiopia	en_US
dc.type	Thesis	en_US