Morphogenetic traits are observable characters inherited by individuals from their parents in autosomal dominant or recessive manner and expressed differently among populations. The main objective of the study was to quantify the phenotypic distribution pattern of human morphogenetic traits and ABO - Rh-blood group in Wogera secondary and Preparatory School students. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted to investigate the frequency distribution of eleven human morphogenetic traits and ABO/Rh blood groups and its association with sex among AmbaGiorgis secondary and preparatory school students. A total of 384 (Male =176 and Female=208) volunteer students were selected by stratified method with simple random sampling technique among the studied populations. Phenotypes of the eleven morphogenetic traits were gathered through physical observation of individual student. Blood sample was collected from every voluntary student by finger-prick method and slide agglutination methods of Anti-A, anti B and anti-D reagent was used for blood type determination. Morphogenetic and ABO-Rh data were entered and analyzed using SPSS version 23 software. Allelic data of ABO blood group was analyzed using S ABO software. Descriptive statistics was used to describe population characteristics. Chi-square test was used to compare distribution of ABO–Rh blood groups and morphogenetic traits between male female students. Associations between variables were considered statistically significant only if the value of P was equal to or less than 0.05.Frequency tables and graphs were used to summarize key findings of the study. The result of the were straight hairline shape (75.8%), attached earlobe attachment (58.85%),smooth chin(77.6%), no dimples(77.1%), able to roll (57.81%),crossing of left arm (88.28%), straight thumb(70.05%), crossing of left thumb over rights thumb (57.03%), absence of mid-digital hair(73.44%), right handedness(97.7%) and normal foot arches (70.57%) were more prevalent in the studied population and the opposite traits were also lower prevalent in the studied population. The distribution of ABO blood group showed O>A>B>AB pattern and type O was the most frequent (38.54%) while type AB was the least common (7.55%). Nearly ninety percent of the population was Rh-positive. The distribution of the phenotypes of ear lobe attachment, chin cleft/dimple, facial dimple, thumb shape, foot shape and ABO blood group were significantly different with sex of the students. No association was found between morphogenetic traits and ABO-Rh blood system. The data generated from the study of ABO- Rh blood group might be very essential for effective management of blood banks inventory and transfusion services. For more valid conclusions and recommendation studies involving a larger sample size and analyses on genes encoding the studied morphogenetic traits among individuals with different ethnicity and geographic regions should be conducted to clearly elucidate diversity within and between populations. 2