This research focuses on the mechanical properties of solid and hollow bamboo found in Ethiopian. The strengths of bamboo for different loading conditions were tested and characterized with respect to its age, culm position and species type. Mechanical properties such as tensile, compressive, bending, shear strengths and hardness were studied. The industrialization of the material is very weak so that researcher should give a great attention how to use it in industries. To use bamboo for product fabrication, its mechanical properties should be studied. Till now the actual mechanical properties of Ethiopian bamboo were not studied sufficiently. The research was proceeding by starting at previous studies, next samples were prepared according to ISO, IS and ASTM standards; then experiments were done; then Results were interpreted; next, conclusions of the study and finally, recommended to the future researchers were done. Bamboo has a long and well-established tradition as a building material throughout the world. The studies of mechanical properties of bamboo were done for general application. Bamboo has a various application such as, for furniture, bicycle structure, unman air vehicle structure. Dejen Aviation Industry in Ethiopian constructs Unman air-vehicles from wood in which its strength is not well known. The total weight of the vehicle is low and so that bamboo can be used to construct the structure of UAV. The result shows that tensile strength of bamboo increases from the bottom to the top, compressive and shear strength were decreased from the bottom to the top, hardness was also increased from the internal to the external layer. In all cases of the experiments, the strengths of bamboo were higher at year four which leads to a conclusion of age four is preferable for applications that need higher strength. Culms of bamboo without node has better strength relative to culms with node. Among the two species of Ethiopian bamboo, solid /lowland bamboo has a better strength of tensile, compressive, bending, shear and hardness compared to hollow/highland bamboo.