Ethiopian pea (Pisum sativum var. abyssinicum A.Braun) is a rare taxon requiring evaluation of present farmers‟ local knowledge. To assess farmers‟ knowledge, on the use of the Ethiopian pea landraces, cross-sectional data were collected from 444 respondents. Descriptive statistics for the significance test of variance and Exhaustive CHAID growth method for predictions were used for farmers' knowledge evaluation. The Ethiopian pea distribution in Ethiopia is currently limited to three to four districts in Northeastern Ethiopia. Major factors hindering its distribution were agroecological suitability, lack of intervention and preference by farmers of high yielding pea varieties. Results showed that the crop requires about two moderate rainfall levels, the Nitisol soil, and about 21-30 kg ha-1seeding rate. The flowering to maturity time ranges 11∕2 to 21∕2 months depending on the agroecologies, with a yield of about 300-400 kg ha-1on average. Though inferior in yield and susceptible to pests, farmers still prefer to grow the crop because of its marketability for local exchange and consumption. Ethiopian pea has various physiological and biochemical processes useful for developing productive, nutritious and resilient varieties attracting the world community. Nevertheless, it‟s inconsistency in taxonomy, collections‟ descriptions and record types need further investigation. A total of 367 Ethiopian pea collections described with four different scientific names, from 19 global datasets were used for taxonomic, distribution and record type‟s evaluation analysis. Classification and Regression Tree (CART) analysis was used as a decision-making tool on peculiar taxonomy, distribution, and record types. In the global datasets, Ethiopian pea was named as Pisum abyssinicum A.Braun (73.8%), Pisum sativum subsp. abyssinicum (A.Braun) Govorov (24%), Pisum sativum var. abyssinicum A.Braun (1.9%), and Pisum abyssinicum A.Braun var. vavilovianum Gov. (0.3%). From the total 369 Ethiopian pea collections, most of them (305) were recorded as unknown, 37 preserved specimens, 19 living specimens, and 6 cultivated record types. Of these, 184 unknown, 22 preserved specimens, 12 living specimens, and 6 cultivated types were collected from Ethiopia. Evaluation analysis revealed that there were dissimilarities in scientific names, the crop dispersion in various countries and incomplete record types. The preserved and living specimens in most datasets were subspecies types. There is an urgent need to conserve the crop in situ for preserving its agrobiodiversity via sufficient documentation at the current situation