Abstract:
Lack of proper sanitation has been linked to significant negative impacts on health, economy, environment and social life. Diarrhea diseases, resulting from poor sanitation and hygiene. Therefore, to prevent disease outbreak, appropriate sanitation systems is required. Various technological alternatives of sanitation are available ranging from conventional methods to advance treatment methods. The research study aims to provide sanitation systems as a possible solution for the management of sanitation in Melka Jebdu, Dire Dawa.
Sanitation technologies have to be chosen according to the local situation. The evaluation of the options is done with a set of screening attributes. These options could then serve as a basis for the further decision process where expert preferences are assessed. The collected data for the parameterization of these functions through a literature review combined with fieldwork in Dire Dawa, Ethiopia. The study used multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) techniques for comparing and rank ordering three sanitation system alternatives against the identified technical, environmental, economic, and socio-cultural aspects. Expert responses were used in the selection of sanitation system form different weight matrices.
Results of the study show that in a scenario where equal indicator weights are assumed, Alternative 2 (Cesspit+ Water Aided Sewerage) registered the highest value of 0.93 by MAVT. The result also confirmed by TOPSIS which places Alternative 2 (Cesspit+ Water Aided Sewerage) as the most preferred sanitation system with a score of 0.76 and Alternative 1 (Composting Toilet + Water Aided Sewerage with Septic Tank) as a second with a score of 0.54. This study can be said to be capable of identifying a sanitation system that can be appropriate for a particular location of Melka Jebdu. This is because the choice of an Alternative 2 (Cesspit+ Water Aided Sewerage) fits which consists of the sewer system and feacal sludge management solution for the study area.