Thesis and Dissertations

PREVALENCE OF COMPUTER VISION SYNDROME AMONG MEDICAL STUDENTS OF BAHIR DAR UNIVERSITY NORTHWEST ETHIOPIA

Tue, 30 Dec 2025 00:00:00 GMT

PREVALENCE OF COMPUTER VISION SYNDROME AMONG MEDICAL STUDENTS OF BAHIR DAR UNIVERSITY NORTHWEST ETHIOPIA DR. HAILEMARIAM BEHULU Introduction: Computer Vision Syndrome (CVS) is a common occupational health problem among individuals who use digital devices for prolonged periods, particularly university students. Computer Vision Syndrome encompasses a range of ocular and extra-ocular symptoms that may negatively affect academic performance and quality of life. Objective: To determine the magnitude of Computer Vision Syndrome and identify associated factors among medical students at Bahir Dar Universityfrom October 2025 to December 2025. Methods: An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted at Bahir Dar University among 356 medical students from October 2025 to December 2025. Data were collected using a structured, self-administered questionnaire for assessing socio-demographic characteristics, digital device use, health and behavioral factors, and CVS-related symptoms, with participants selected through stratified random sampling.Descriptive statistics were used to summarize the data. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed using SPSS version 27.0 to identify factors associated with CVS. Statistical significance was declared at P < 0.05. Results:Among 356 medical students, 274 students (77%; 95% CI: 72.3–81.0) reported experiencing at least one symptom of Computer vision syndrome. The most commonly reported symptoms were eye strain or pain (28.4%), itching sensation (26.7%), burning sensation and eye redness (25.3% each), and headache (24.7%). Nearly half of the participants (49.4%) experienced a mild symptom burden, while 27.0% and 11.2% reported moderate and high symptom burdens, respectively. In multivariable logistic regression, independent predictors of the outcome included smartphone use (AOR = 2.48, 95% CI: 1.30–4.75, P= 0.033), computer use >8 hours/day (AOR = 2.39, 95% CI: 1.18–2.95, P= 0.018), daily caffeinated beverage consumption (AOR = 2.24, 95% CI: 1.05–4.77, P = 0.036), and poor self-rated eye health (AOR = 3.20, 95% CI: 1.50–6.80, P< 0.001) were significantly associated with CVS. Conclusion and recommendation: Computer Vision Syndrome was highly prevalent among university students. Prolonged screen exposure, smartphone use, poor perceived eye health, and caffeinated beverage consumption were significant predictors. Preventive strategies, including awareness creation, behavioral modification, and promotion of healthy screen-use practices, are strongly recommended. Keywords: Computer Vision Syndrome, Digital Device Use, University Students, Eye Health, Ethiopia

Home Remedy Practice Among Hypertension Patients In Bahirdar City, Northwest Ethiopia, 2024: A Qualitative Study

Sat, 01 Jun 2024 00:00:00 GMT

Home Remedy Practice Among Hypertension Patients In Bahirdar City, Northwest Ethiopia, 2024: A Qualitative Study Dagnew, Zenebech Background: Hypertension, also known as high or raised blood pressure, is a condition in which the blood vessels have persistently raised pressure. Hypertension is considered one of the most challenging public health problems worldwide. Home remedies are commonly used to treat hypertension using traditional medicines in Ethiopia. These remedies are often based on traditional beliefs and practices. To the best of my knowledge there is limited research on use, types and perspectives of home remedies used to treat hypertension. Objective: The study was aimed to explore home remedy practices among hypertensive patients who live in Bahir Dar city, northwest Ethiopia, 2024. Method: This study was conducted in Bahir Dar City public and private hospitals in Amhara regional state of Northwest Ethiopia from May to June 2024. The methods followed exploratory research design method which involves qualitative data collection techniques such as in- depth interviews, focus group discussions and projective techniques. Data were collected using 11 in-depth interview, focused group discussion with 5 hypertension patients, and 4 Key informant interviews. Each interview was audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim and translated to English. Thematic analysis was performed. Study participants were those people who were on hypertensive patients and were following at least for one year and are currently on hypertension treatment in public hospitals in the city during the data collection period. All study participants were ≥18 years of age selected purposively. The data was analyzed with Atlas Ti version 7 software. Result: In this study three main themes such as traditional herbal medicine, healthy lifestyle practice and patients’ experience and perspectives were developed from eight sub-themes. The traditional herbal medicine theme had three sub-themes (types of home remedies used, source of information on home remedies, challenges and side effects). Healthy lifestyle practice had two subthemes (healthy dietary eating habit, physical exercise), and patients’ experience and perspectives had three subthemes (perceived beliefs on efficacy of home remedies, perceptions on the safety of home remedies, perceived recommendations). Most of the participants used garlic, red onion, moringa tea, Ginger, banana, bean, Lemon, Damascus leaves; Steep as home-prepared remedies treatment option for hypertension. All these remedies were prepared and taken as tea, with food or by diluting with water in empty stomach. The participants get information about home remedies from the internet, reading books, asked other patient experiences. The majority of them attempted to engage in planned physical activity to avoid weight gain. Patients also felt that since traditional made home remedies are unproven, they should only be used in combination with prescription drugs. Conclusion: The participants used different types of home-prepared remedies as a treatment option for hypertension. The types used by patients are moringa tea, ginger, lemon, garlic, red onion, green tea, Rumex abyssinicus, flaxseed, banana, bean, coriander, nettles, turmeric, Bitter leaf juice, black cumin tea, and Ruta chalepensis, white lupin, damascus leaves, dill, Garden Cress, and Calpurnia Aurea. Therefore, to prevent misunderstandings, health care practitioners and other stakeholders should provide accurate information on the proper dietary habit, causes and treatment options for hypertension patients by using different health communication methods. Researchers shall conduct clinical trials about home remedies used for treating HTP for their efficacy, side effects, dose, preparation, and frequency related issues. Key words: Home remedies, Hypertension, Ethiopia

Abnormal Uterine Bleeding and Associated Factors Among Reproductive Age Women Visiting Gynecologic Opd Attertiary Hospitals,Bahir Dar, North- West Ethiopia

Thu, 10 Aug 2023 00:00:00 GMT

Abnormal Uterine Bleeding and Associated Factors Among Reproductive Age Women Visiting Gynecologic Opd Attertiary Hospitals,Bahir Dar, North- West Ethiopia Daniel, Yizengaw Introduction:Abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) is one of the most common gynecologic complaints among reproductive-age womenwhich is one third of outpatient visits to the gynecologist are for AUB. symptom for the majority of women who undergo a hysterectomy which represents the most Abnormal uterine bleeding is one of common causes of anemia in women. AUB is the presenting common gynecological procedure in the world, has substantialsurgery related complications.The objective of this study is to assess the magnitude of AUB and its related factors among reproductive age woman. Methods:An institutional based cross-sectional study was conducted. Among 502 women who visit gynecologic OPD at two tertiary hospitals in Bahir Dar from March 1, to June 30, 2023. Study subjects were selected using systematic random sampling technique. Data was collected using interviewer administered pretested well structured questionnaire. The collected data were coded and analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 25(SPSS, 25). Bivariable and multivariable logistic regressions were fitted to assess the association between independent and the dependent variables. P-value less than 0.05 at 95 % CI was used to declare statistical significance association. The result was presented using texts tables. Result:Themagnitude of abnormal uterine bleeding was 33.3% (29.3-37.7, 95% CI). Having history of abortion (AOR= 3.95, 95%CI), woman currently use hormonal contraceptives (AOR=3.82, 95% CI), those mothers having currently treatment for STI (AOR=2.52, 95% CI), and alcohol consumption (AOR=4.01, 95%CI)had a statistical positive association with abnormal uterine bleeding. Conclusion: Prevalence of abnormal uterine bleeding is high. History of abortion, use of hormonal contraception, current treatment for STI, and alcohol intake were predictors for AUB. Recommendation:Health care providers in the tertiary hospitals should be vigilant in diagnosing AUB and importantly its possible causes and create awareness for patients to decrease risks of STI and prompt treatment for those having it. Public health personnel’s should create awareness in the community about AUB and its potential causes, on prevention of STI has multiple health benefits Key words:Abnormal uterine bleeding, tertiary hospitals, FelegeHiwot Hospital, TibebeGhion Hospital, cross-sectional study

Perinatal Outcomes and Associated Factors in Diabeticmothers Who Gave Birth at Tertiary Hospitals, Bahir Dar Northwest Ethiopia, 2023, Institution Based Cross- Sectiona Study.

Thu, 10 Aug 2023 00:00:00 GMT

Perinatal Outcomes and Associated Factors in Diabeticmothers Who Gave Birth at Tertiary Hospitals, Bahir Dar Northwest Ethiopia, 2023, Institution Based Cross- Sectiona Study. Yasin, Yesuf Introduction: -Diabetes mellitus (DM) is the most common medical complication of pregnancy and is defined as abnormal metabolism of carbohydrates which results in elevated blood glucose level. Classified as Pre-gestational Diabetes Mellitus (Type I or Type II) or Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM): a carbohydrate intolerance resulting in hyperglycemia of variable severity with onset or first recognition during pregnancy.Diabetes increases perinatal and neonatal morbidities including; macrosomia, congenital anomalies, birth injury, hypoglycemia, intrauterine fetal death, still birth, shoulder dystocia, respiratory distress syndrome, polycythemia, and hyperbilirubinemia. However, little is known about its prevalence, birth outcomes, and associated factors in the study setting. Objective:-The aim of the study was to assess the perinatal outcome and associated factors of diabetic mellitus among mothers who gave birth at Tertiary Hospitals, Bahir dar, northwest Ethiopia, 2023. Methods: - Institution based cross sectional study was conducted on 117mothers with any form of diabetes mellituswho got labor and delivery services at TGSH and FHCSH from March1 to June30, 2023.Study participants was selected with consecutive sampling technique.All mothers with DM excluding those who fulfil exclusion criteria were included. Questionnaire and checklist was used to get information from the study participants and their medical documentwith interview and chart review method. Data was entered, cleaned, coded and analyzed using statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 25. Binary and multivariate logistic regression analysis was computed. P-value less than 0.05 at 95 % CI was used to declare statistical significance association. Result: Overall adverse perinatal outcome was 71(60.7%). From this 11(9.4%) were stillbirths, 27(23.1%) macrosomia/LGA and 51(43.6%) were admitted to NICU. Having <4 ANC contacts [AOR =6.83; 95% CI 1.28,36.34] and FBS > 100 mg/dl [AOR = 4.23; 95% CI 1.28, 13.94] were associated with adverse perinatal outcomes. Conclusion: - Mothers with diabetes mellitus are at higher risk for adverse perinatal outcomes.Maternal blood glucose control and number of ANC follow-up are strongly associated with adverse perinatal outcome.So early diagnosis, optimal ANC follow up and good glycemic control is important to alleviate the burden of adverse perinatal outcomes. Keywords:- Diabetes m