http://ir.bdu.edu.et/handle/123456789/14119 Sat, 13 Jan 2001 05:50:07 GMT 2001-01-13T05:50:07Z http://ir.bdu.edu.et/handle/123456789/15361 Management of Callosobruchus Chinensis (L.) (Coleopatra: Bruchidiae) Beetle using botanicals on Chickpea (Cicer Arietinum L.) Grains under Laboratory Condition Muluye Arega In Ethiopia, chickpea production was limited due to both biotic and a biotic factors. Biotic factors such as diseases; root diseases and foliar diseases and insect pests mainly Helicoverpa armigera Hübner and C.chinensis (L.). The latter two insect pests were among the major factors affecting chickpea production in Ethiopia. Helicoverpa armigera causes up to 33% pod damage at field and C. chinensis (L.) can causes up to 50% kernel weight losses in Ethiopia .Production constraints, post-harvest loss of chickpea is very high in subsistence farmers’ storage conditions. Callosobruchus chinensis L. attacked chickpea are significantly affected not only in terms of quantitative and qualitative, but also these grains lose their germinating capacity completely. Therefore, this study was aimed to determine the efficacy of locally available botanicals against Callosobruchus chinensis on chickpea grain storage. The study was carried out at , grain and seed quality laboratory, College of Agriculture and Environmental Science, Bahir Dar University. The study was done using at different concentrations Neem (A. indica) seed powder (2.5, 3 and 3.5%) and leaf powder (5, 6 and 7%), Wild oil nut (J. curcas) seed powder (7, 8 and 9 %) and E. globuluss (Labill), leaf powder (7, 8 and 9%) were used. The result showed that using Jatropha seed powder( 9% and 8%,) Neem seed powder (3.5%,2.5% and 3%), Neem leaves powder (7%),Eucalyptus leaves powder(9%),had more than (90% ) adult mortality. Jatropha seed powder (9%) Neem seed powder (3.5 %), Neem leaves powder (7%), and Eucalyptus leaves powder (9 %) Malathion (0.05%) concentrations did not produce f1 progeny. No percentage of grain weight loss was recorded when Chickpea grains treated with jatropha seed powder (9%), Neem seed powder (3.5%) and Malathion (0.05%) (Standard check). An incomplete kill of C. chinensis was observed on Chick pea grain that was treated with Eucalyptus leaves powder (7% and 8%), Jatropha seed powder (8%) and Neem leaves powder (6 and 5%). Hence, these concentrations resulted in lower f1 progeny production, percentage of grain damage, percent of weight loss and low germination percentage compared to control treatment and is recommended for application. However, further investigation is needed to determine the non-target effect and effective rate and frequency of application. Mon, 01 May 2023 00:00:00 GMT http://ir.bdu.edu.et/handle/123456789/15361 2023-05-01T00:00:00Z http://ir.bdu.edu.et/handle/123456789/15357 Assesment on Post-Harvest Handling and Shelf Life Of Onion(Allium Cepa L ) Seed and Bulb at Takussa District, North West Ethiopia. Mesay Tarekegn Onion is a common and widely used spice crop all over the world. It is a semi-perishable vegetable, and in many underdeveloped countries, like Ethiopia, poor agricultural and postharvest practices resulted in increased losses. The aim of the study was to assess the postharvest handling and shelf life on onion seed and bulb and data was gathered from 123 onionproducing households using semi-structured questioners, focus group discussions. The whole onion value chain was recorded and analyzed using SPSS version 22. The survey found that the majority of onion growers in the research region did not follow the suggested onion irrigation cultural practices. Lack of improved onion seeds is another crucial factor contributing to low onion productivity in the study area. The onion production system under farmer's practice is characterized by low rates of fertilizer application, low population of onion plants per unit area, high incidence of disease and insect pests, pesticide shortages, and pesticide adulteration. As a result, farmers' onion productivity was low 75q/ha) compared to regional production (122.82q/ha) and Central Gondar Zone (102.9).Shortage of irrigation water, high costs of irrigation equipment, shortage of genuine spare parts and accessories, shortage of pesticides and their adulteration, limited supply of improved onion seeds and lack of storage facilities, lack of skills and knowledge, high incidence of diseases and insect pests, and weak extension and credit services were the major constraints to onion production in the study area. It is required to overcome the challenges mentioned above by training, extension operations, and boosting the availability of inputs in order to increase onion output and productivity in Takussa district. The germination test of four seed sources of onion seed and bulbs were conducted in the laboratory of Bahir Dar University and at Takussa farmer’s field respectively. Treatments consisted of fouronion bulbs and seeds source (Mekonta, Chankie, Bergen and Achera) laid out in complete randomized design(CRD) and randomized complete block design(RCBD)replicated three times in laboratory and field test respectively. The results showed highly significant differences among seed sources in onion seeds germination and non-germination percentage. The results of ANOVA also showed significant differences among bulb sources in onion seeds germination and non-germination percentage. The highest germination percentage was found to be 90.2% in Bergen seed source. However, in the case of bulbs, the higher values for germination percentage 67.5% was observed in onion bulbs germination count after 12 days. This result shows onion seeds were higher germination percentage than onion bulbs. Therefore, onion seeds are recommended to use for production of onion in the study area and similar agro ecological zones. Wed, 01 Feb 2023 00:00:00 GMT http://ir.bdu.edu.et/handle/123456789/15357 2023-02-01T00:00:00Z