http://ir.bdu.edu.et/handle/123456789/1736 2001-01-13T06:37:30Z http://ir.bdu.edu.et/handle/123456789/12929 ADOPTION OF MALT BARLEY PRODUCTION AND ITS IMPACT ON FARM HOUSEHOLDS’ LIVELIHOOD; THE CASE OF BASONA WORNA DISTRICT, NORTH SHEWA ZONE, AMHARA REGION, Ketsela Gebr Malt barley is an important cash crop in terms of the lives and livelihood of a farm household, its production adoption has shown an increase both in the area and in production in the study area but not as expected. This study was carried out to know the determinants adoption of malt barley production and its impact on farm households’ livelihood in Basona Worna District. The primary data was gathered from a field survey through a structured questionnaire. A total of 347 households were considered, of which 50.4% of malt barley adopters and the rest 49.6% of non-malt barley adopters. Descriptive statistics, inferential statistics, and econometric models were used to analyze the data collected. Binary probit and endogenous switching regression (ESR) model were employed. Results of probit model analysis showed that educational level of household head, land holing/farm size, Number of oxen owned, training and access to credit had a significant positive ef ect on farm household adoption of malt barley production. Whereas distance to extension service and distance to the nearest market center had to af ect malt barley production adoption negatively and significantly. The ESR model result shows, the FOODCONEXP per AEU and the NONFOODCONEXP per AEU increase by 3718.47 ETB and 237.93 ETB for adopters due to adopting malt barley production. For non-adopters of malt barley production, FOODCONEXP per AEU and NONFOODCONEXP per AEU could be increased by 66 ETB and 47.25 ETB if they had adopted malt barley production. The transitional heterogeneity ef ect is positive for both FOODCONEXP per AEU and NONFOOCONEXP per AEU. This implies that the impact of malt barley production on households' livelihood measured by consumption expenditure is significantly greater for farmers who actually did adopt compared to those that did not adopt malt barley production. Therefore, policymakers and other concerned parties should give due attention to alleviate the problems hindering participation in malt barley production and improve the livelihood of 2022-01-12T00:00:00Z http://ir.bdu.edu.et/handle/123456789/12928 RICE VALUE CHAIN IN LIBO KEMKEM DISTRICT, AMHARA REGION, ETHIOPIA Bimrew Tadesse Due to Ethiopia’s large area and favorable agro-climatic conditions, the country has immense potential for expanding rice production area and high consumer demand exists in the country. However, the rice sector is not fully developed as compared to the potential. Many institutional, organizational and technological factors were attributed to existing inefficiencies in rice production and utilization. The aim of the study was to evaluate Rice value chain in Libo Kemkem District of South Gondar Zone, Amhara National Regional State. For the study both primary and secondary data were used. Primary data was collected from 394 sample rice producers and other 57 rice value chain actors. A multi-stage sampling technique was used to select sample rice producer households. First, out of 31 rural kebeles in the district, 15 potential rice producer kebeles were selected. Second, 5 kebeles were selected randomly. Thirdly, households who produced rice were listed and finally, 394 households were selected using simple random sampling technique based on the population proportion. The data were analyzed and interpreted by using descriptive statistics and econometric model. The Structure Conduct Performance approach was used to analyze the efficiency of rice market. Heckman two stage model was used to analyze factors affecting rice market participation and volume of sales. Producers, processors, whole sellers, retailers and consumers were the direct value chain actors. Lack of investment capital and working place, unhealthy trade competition and information asymmetry were found to be the main barriers to entry into the rice business. The results of Structure Conduct Performance analysis showed a weak oligopsony market structure at Yifag market with four firms’ concentration ratios (CR4) of 42.24%. With respect to conduct, price setting strategy deviates from competitive market norms and marketing margin and cost analysis showed unreasonable cost and profit share among rice market chain actors. The highest marketing margin producers, millers, wholesalers and retailers received from different channels were 84.4%, 16.7%, 8.6%, and 18% respectively. Therefore, rice market in the study area being inefficient. Few large traders collude each other to set the price, while others follow them. The Heckman two stage model results showed marital status, market information, rice farming experience and productivity positively and significantly affected both market participation decision and marketed surplus. Experience of saving was affected participation decision positively and significantly and household size affected participation decision negatively and significantly. Thus strengthening value chain development by improving the xv extension services and accessing improved seed, increasing bargaining power of producers by promoting rural financial institutions/cooperatives and strengthening market information access and trade regulatory systems are some of the actions to be taken to strengthen the sector’s development. 2022-01-12T00:00:00Z http://ir.bdu.edu.et/handle/123456789/12291 ANALYSIS OF ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY OF SORGHUM PRODUCER FARMERS: THE CASE OF RAYA KOBO DISTRICT, NORTH WOLLO ZONE, ETHIOPIA. Tewabe Mihret This study aimed to estimate Technical, Allocative and Economic efficiency level of farmers in Sorghum production and to identify factors that affect Technical, Allocative and Economic efficiency levels of sorghum producers using cross sectional data collected from 223 sample households based on multistage sampling technique in 2018/19 production season. The study used Cobb-Douglas production function form with stochastic frontier model. Whereas, Tobit model was also used to identify factors affecting Technical efficiency, Allocative efficiency and Economic efficiency level of sorghum producers. The maximum likelihood estimates of the stochastic production frontier model indicated that land; oxen, labor and NPS fertilizer inputs allocated for Sorghum production significantly determined Sorghum output. The estimated mean value of Technical efficiency, Allocative efficiency and Economic efficiency showed that there is a potential for increasing output of Sorghum by 31.8%, decreasing cost of production inputs by 14.8% and the overall cost of Sorghum production may decrease by 42.2 percent respectively given the existing technological level in the study area. The result of the Tobit model indicated that education of the household head, livestock holding, total farm size the household cultivated, level of sorghum commercialization and extension access positively and significantly affected Technical efficiency. But, land fragmentation measured in terms of number of parcels affected Technical efficiency negatively and significantly. Farm size and extension access affected Allocative efficiency positively and significantly but, education and land fragmentation were affected Allocative efficiency negatively and significantly. Education, livestock, total farm size, commercialization index, credit access and extension access affected EE positively and significantly while, land fragmentation affected Economic efficiency negatively and significantly. This indicated that there is a room to increase Sorghum output in the study area. Therefore, the policies and strategies of the government and other concerned bodies should take into consideration about the above mentioned factors to improve Sorghum production in the study area. 2021-07-29T00:00:00Z http://ir.bdu.edu.et/handle/123456789/12200 MARKET CHAIN ANALYSIS OF ONION: THE CASE OF ANTSOKIA GEMZA DISTRICT, NORTH SHOA ZONE, AMHARA NATIONAL REGIONAL STATE OF ETHIOPIA Shiferaw Desta Onion is one of the most important commercial crops which is used as a vegetable and spices. The commercial onion industry in AntsokiaGemza district of Amhara region has experienced remarkable growth. Therefore, this research was to analyze market chain of onion to clarify the onion marketing situation before any intervention. The data for the study was generated from both primary and secondary sources. The structure Conduct Performance approach was used to analyze the efficiency of onion market. Multiple linear regression and Multivariate Probit models were used to analyze farm level onion market supply and outlet choices respectively. The results of the four top traders’ concentration ratios were 50.31% for Mekoy and 58.04 for Dessie markets which implies an oligopoly market structure. The marketing margins analysis had shown that the highest marketing margin producers, wholesalers, retailers, and collectors received from different channels were 68.95%, 36.60%, 31.05%, and 21.14% respectively. Therefore, these shreds of evidence show that onion market in the study area is deviating from competitive market norms. The Two stages least square model results showed land allocated for onion production, productivity, distance to the nearest market, and access to extension service positively affected the farm level market supply of onion. The Multivariate Probit model result indicated education level, land allotted for onion production, membership to irrigation cooperatives, own transport, amount of onion product, and buyer trust, age, extension service access, and off farm income had a significant effect on the probability of the alternative market outlets choices. Therefore, strengthening farmers' bargaining power, improving productivity and developing market infrastructure, enforcing the law against fair trade practices, increase farmers' awareness by formulating a better extension systemare required 2021-07-14T00:00:00Z