http://ir.bdu.edu.et/handle/123456789/15264 2001-01-13T06:38:41Z http://ir.bdu.edu.et/handle/123456789/15268 Drivers and Impact of Urban Expansion on Livelihood Assets of Peri-Urban Farmers in The Case of Debark Town, Amhara National Regional State, Ethiopia zerihun, Kibur Urban expansion-induced displacement is becoming a major concern in Ethiopia, within different parts of the region. Debark is one of rapidly urbanizing town in Amhara region. Therefore, this study was aimed to assess the drivers and impacts of urban expansion on livelihood assets of peri-urban farmers in Debark town. This study was mainly focused on drivers and its impacts on livelihood assets and land use land cover change. Cross sectional survey was applied in three peri urban kebeles of Debark town on 282 (139 displaced and 143 non-displaced) households. The study employed both quantitative and qualitative approach. Multi stage sampling technique was employed to select the study area, kebeles, and sample households. Descriptive statistics, factor analysis, logistic regression model integrated with propensity score matching methods were used to analyze the data. Supervised maximum likelihood classification technique used to map land use land cover change. The results found from key informants indicated that, rural to urban migration, increasing natural population, and economic development were the major drivers of urban expansion. The result found from econometric model showed that the impacts of urban expansion on peri urban farmers’ livelihood assets, natural, financial, and social capital were decreased for displaced households at a value of (-0.443), (-0.172), and (-0.166) respectively, with significant and negative value. In contrary, physical capital for displaced households was increased by 0.177. As a result, the average livelihood assets were decreased for displaced households at a value of (-0.159) and significant at p<0.01 indicates at 1% significance levels. The results from land use land cover detection indicated that in the study periods, the built-up area increased at the expanse of cultivated and forest land by +14.8%, 12.1% and 26.9% with corresponding year 2001 to2013, 2013 to 2021 and 2001 to 2021 respectively. Finally, the study recommends that, the urban expansion program should be based on the consideration of livelihood asset of peri urban farmers’ analysis before expansion. 2022-08-01T00:00:00Z http://ir.bdu.edu.et/handle/123456789/15266 The Impact of Ngos Program on Households Annual Income in Lasta District, Amhara National Regional State, Ethiopia Tegegne, Adugnaw Improving household income source is a prerequisite for sustainable development and pro-poor growth in developing nations. Achieving this objective requires poorest inclusive sound policy and holistic approach were important. Poor base issues like food security, any income generative activity, improved productions and capacity building to also be integrated into any development programs. Therefore, this study was conducted to analyze the impact of programs on household income in Lasta District. Data were generated from 262 households using a systematic sampling technique from sample kebeles. The study used both primary and secondary data. Descriptive statistics, inferential statistics, and econometric models were used to analyze the collected data. The collected qualitative data from key informants and FGD were interpreted by using narrative tools. PSM model were employed to analyze determinants of a beneficiary and program's impact on household annual income. Household size, land size, and having off-income were statistically significant at 1% probability, whereas the age of the households was significant at 5%, while saving ability, credit access, market distance, households educations status, sex of households and marital status were less significant. The propensity score estimation for matching has resulted in 127 non-beneficiaries households matching with 114 beneficiary households. 241 households were identified and considered as impact estimation process after discarding 21 households. A balance test was applied to check the balance of relevant variables in both groups after matching. The test result indicates that after matching no significant variation between the groups. Finally, the kernel matching estimator was selected as a best matching algorithm to evaluate the impact. Therefore, the model result shows that the households’ income scores of beneficiaries and non-beneficiaries were 30879.63 ETB and 19889.24 ETB. The study concludes that there is a positive mean difference between the two groups on annual income 10989.82 ETB. Based on the finding, the program should primarily focus on addressing constraints (i.e. Lack of capital and weak market chain). 2022-03-01T00:00:00Z