http://ir.bdu.edu.et/handle/123456789/11526 2026-07-13T15:03:58Z 2026-07-13T15:03:58Z Getasew Msganaw http://ir.bdu.edu.et/handle/123456789/16950 2026-07-09T11:19:10Z 2025-02-01T00:00:00Z

Seed System and quality Analysis of Finger Millet (Elusine Coracana L. Gaertn) in Dera, Mecha, and Sekota Districts of Amhhara Region, Ethiopia Getasew Msganaw Finger millet, a nutritious crop grown in Africa and India, holds significant cultural and economic value in Ethiopia. Despite its importance, research on its seed systems is limited, emphasizing the need to improve productivity and food security. This study evaluates seed quality and assesses the existing seed system for finger millet in the Dera, Mecha, and Sekota Districts of the Amhara Region, Ethiopia, to provide recommendations for developing aneffective seed system. The data were gathered from 264 farmers using a semi-structured questionnaire, along with 18 key informant interviews and six focus group discussions.Various finger millet seed samples, stored using different methods, were obtained from bothformal (3 samples) and informal (24 samples) seed sources for laboratory testing. The datawere analyzed using descriptive statistics and independent t-tests with SPSS V22.0, whileANOVA was used to check the existence of significance differences and LSD to compare mean differences between seed samples from informal sources using SAS software V9.0. The resultsindicated that farmers mainly rely on informal seed sources, with formal sources being underutilized. Significant differences in seed quality attributes were observed, with formalseed samples demonstrating superior physical purity, physiological quality, and thousand seed weight (TSW) compared to informal ones. Additionally, formal seed samples showed better physiological traits, including higher normal seedling emergence, seedling dry weight, andfresh seed weight. ANOVA results revealed significant variations in physical purity andphysiological quality between seed samples from informal sources. While smallholder farmers mainly rely on informal seed sources, formal seeds showed superior quality. Limited access,inadequate extension services, and a lack of awareness restrict the use of formal seeds. Toenhance finger millet production in the Amhara Region, it is crucial to strengthen the formalseed system.

2025-02-01T00:00:00Z Ayehualem Mossaw http://ir.bdu.edu.et/handle/123456789/16949 2026-07-09T11:04:17Z 2025-03-01T00:00:00Z

Assessment of Seed System, Farmer’s Use of Certified Seed, and Storage Practices of Bread Wheat (Triticum Aestivum L.) to Enhance Grain Production In Seed-Insecure Area of East Gojjam Zone, North Western Ethiopia Ayehualem Mossaw Bread wheat is a key cereal crop in Ethiopia, playing a crucial role in ensuring food security and generating income for the country. Regarding production volume and area coverage, Ethiopia is the second-largest wheat-producing country in Africa. However, average wheat productivity is low (2.97 t ha⁻¹) compared to international wheat productivity. This may result from different factors, among which seed insecurity is the most remarkable problem. This study was initiated to assess the seed system, farmer’s use of certified seed, and storage practices of bread wheat to enhance grain production in seed insecurity districts of the East Gojjam Zone. This study was conducted in the Gozamin and Aneded districts of the East Gojjam Zone. The survey was conducted using 265 sample households based on probability proportion to population size from four kebeles during 2023/2024 cropping season. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data from sample households, while a checklist was used to collect qualitative data from 16 key informants and 4 focus group discussions participants. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the study findings using SPSS version 27 software. The findings of this study revealed that farmers accessed bread wheat seed from different sources, i.e., informal seed sources such as about (49.3% in Gozamin, 42.7% in Aneded) were farm-saved from the previous cropping seasons, (15.7% in Gozamin, 16.1% in Aneded) from local markets, (17.9% in gozamin, 15.3% in Aneded) from relatives, and (17.1% in Gozamin, 25.9% in Aneded) were from formal seed sources. Therefore, the informal seed source is a major seed source and important in wheat production at study areas. Yield advantage (37.4%), disease tolerance (40.4), market value (20.7%), and food quality(1.5) were found to be the most common criteria in making the decision to use improved bread wheat varieties in the study area. Farmers in the studied areas have good knowledge of certified bread wheat seed use and practiced saving and storing their own seed for up to one year. Therefore, Amhara Agricultural Research Institutes, Amhara Seed Enterprises, and agricultural extension offices at regional, zonal, and district levels should give more attention to establishing a sustainable seed system, increasing farmers awareness of certified seed use and knowledge of how to store bread wheat seeds, and providing affordable access to PICS bags to enhance production and productivity in the study area.

2025-03-01T00:00:00Z Yibeltal Beyene http://ir.bdu.edu.et/handle/123456789/12355 2021-08-11T06:46:45Z 2021-08-11T00:00:00Z

EFFECT OF SEED SOURCE ON SEED QUALITY, YIELD AND YIELD COMPONENTS OF BREAD WHEAT (Triticum aestivum L.)VARIETIES, KOGA IRRIGATION SCHEME, AMHARA REGION, NORTHWEST ETHIOPIA Yibeltal Beyene Bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is one of the major food and cash crops for smallholders in Ethiopia. However, the productivity of bread wheat remains low as compared to the world average yield due to the un improved varieties and inadequate quality seed. Study was conducted to assess the quality of bread wheat seeds; to compare quality parameters of different seed producer organization and to evaluate the effect of different seed sources and varieties on seed quality, yield and yield components. Seeds of Kakaba and Ougolcho were collected from the six seed producer organization viz. Ethiopia seed enterprise, Amhara seed enterprise, Adet agricultural research center, Avalo private research Seed Company, Ediget Bandinet cooperative union and also from ten farmers for the purpose of laboratory and field experiment. The study comprised of survey, laboratory experiment and field experiments. A survey was carried out using a structured questionnaire involving 80 wheat growing farmers especially in the dry season in three kebeles. The survey used as preliminary question for the achievements of laboratory and field experiment. A laboratory test was carried out on physical and physiological qualities of the collected sample seeds. The field experiment was laid out as Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications in factorial arrangement of two varieties, and six seed sources. The result of the survey indicated that 53.8% of respondents were grown Kakaba variety, 27.5% of respondents were grown Ougolcho and remain 18.8% respondents were Kingbird variety. Among the major reasons of variety preference, high yielding (75.0%), early maturing (6.3%), disease resistances (18.7%) were reported by the respondents. The result of the laboratory study showed that the interaction of seed sources and variety had highly significantly effect on pure seed, inert matter and moisture content while their effect on hundred seed weight was non-significant. Similarly, standard germination, seedling length, seedling vigour index I and seedling vigor index II were affected highly significantly by the interaction of seed sources and variety but, standard germination and speed of germination had highly significant affected by only seed source and variety. The result of field experiment indicated that number of off types, number of kernels per spike, biomass yield, grain yield and harvest index had significantly difference by the interaction of seed source and variety. The results of this study suggested the importance of using adaptable improved varieties taken from reliable source to increase productivity of bread wheat. However, it is necessary to further study considering more number of seed sources, and varieties at major wheat growing areas and different cropping seasons to make valid recommendation. Key words: Formal seed source, Improved seed, Informal seed source

2021-08-11T00:00:00Z Yilikal Melak http://ir.bdu.edu.et/handle/123456789/12169 2021-07-02T08:18:48Z 2021-07-02T00:00:00Z

A STUDY ON STORABILITY OF HYDRO AND HALO-PRIMED UPLAND RICE SEED Yilikal Melak Seed priming enhances seed performance in many crop species including rice. But, storing primed seed for longer period of time is the challenge in commercializing of the technology. This study was conducted to investigate the storability of halo-primed and redried seed of upland rice under laboratory conditions. Rice seeds were hydro-primed (distilled water for 24 hours) and halo-primed using different concentrations of calcium chloride in 0.25, 0.5, 0.75% and 1.00% (w/w) CaCl2 solutions for 24 hours and re-dried. The primed seeds were compared with dry seeds. Both primed and dry seeds were stored in low-density polyethylene and high-density polyethylene plastic bags at 25± 3oC for 0, 15, 30, 45, 60, and 75 days. Data on germination percentage, seedling fresh and dry weights, speed of germination, root and shoot lengths, vigor index and thousand seed weight were collected every fifteen days. It was observed that storing rice seed hydroprimed (distilled water) and halo-primed (@1.00% CaCl2), re-dried, and stored in highdensity polyethylene plastic bags could readily maintain seed germination and seedling growth parameters until 45 days whereas low-density polyethylene bags could maintain physiological quality until 30 days. Therefore, it is recommended that rice seed primed with 1.00% CaCl2, re-dried and stored in high-density polyethylene plastic bags could be sold within 45 days after priming

2021-07-02T00:00:00Z